The following is a famous speech by Anthony from a play by William Shakespeare: Julius Caesar.
Julius Caesar is a honest man. His mind is open. He believes everyone is like him. Although there were some warnings before the event. Someone listed the conspirators name for him. And a soothsayer also warned him. And he ignores them all. Of all the conspirators, he loves Brutus most. And Brutus was the last one to stab him with a dagger.
Here is a speech by Anthony the loyalist.
He showed the corpse of Julius Caesar to the crowd. And he guided them to inspect all the wounds from the body.
Brutus stabbed Caesar and pulled out his dagger.
Julius Caesar's blood bursted out following the dagger.
It comes the famous line from Julius Caesar:
Et tu, Brute? (And you, Brutus?)
Brutus was the most trusted follower of him.
Julius Caesar did not know, He is the fate of the time of Rome. Rome will be ruined without him. He is the target of all these conspirators.
The following is a famous speech in the play. It shows the detail of the scene.
It is not history. It is a literature work. It is more true than history.
............
Here is the full text of Mark Antony’s famous funeral speech from Act 3, Scene 2 of *Julius Caesar* by William Shakespeare
---
Mark Antony’s Speech
ANTONY:
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
The evil that men do lives after them;
The good is oft interrèd with their bones.
So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus
Hath told you Caesar was ambitious.
If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
And grievously hath Caesar answered it.
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest—
For Brutus is an honourable man;
So are they all, all honourable men—
Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me;
But Brutus says he was ambitious,
And Brutus is an honourable man.
He hath brought many captives home to Rome,
Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill.
Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?
When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept;
Ambition should be made of sterner stuff.
Yet Brutus says he was ambitious,
And Brutus is an honourable man.
You all did see that on the Lupercal
I thrice presented him a kingly crown,
Which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition?
Yet Brutus says he was ambitious,
And sure he is an honourable man.
I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,
But here I am to speak what I do know.
You all did love him once, not without cause;
What cause withholds you then to mourn for him?
O judgment, thou art fled to brutish beasts,
And men have lost their reason! Bear with me;
My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar,
And I must pause till it come back to me.
*(He pauses to weep, and the crowd begins to sympathize with him.)*
---
### **The Crowd Reacts**
The citizens start to question Brutus’s claims, saying, “Methinks there is much reason in his sayings,” and “Poor soul, his eyes are red as fire with weeping.”
---
### **Antony Continues**
**ANTONY:**
But yesterday the word of Caesar might
Have stood against the world. Now lies he there,
And none so poor to do him reverence.
O masters, if I were disposed to stir
Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage,
I should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong,
Who, you all know, are honourable men.
I will not do them wrong; I rather choose
To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you,
Than I will wrong such honourable men.
But here’s a parchment with the seal of Caesar;
I found it in his closet; ’tis his will.
Let but the commons hear this testament—
Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read—
And they would go and kiss dead Caesar’s wounds
And dip their napkins in his sacred blood,
Yea, beg a hair of him for memory,
And, dying, mention it within their wills,
Bequeathing it as a rich legacy
Unto their issue.
---
### **The Crowd Demands the Will**
The citizens beg Antony to read the will, but he refuses at first, heightening their curiosity and anger. He then descends from the podium to stand beside Caesar’s body, further stirring the crowd’s emotions.
---
### **Antony Reveals Caesar’s Wounds**
**ANTONY:**
If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.
You all do know this mantle. I remember
The first time ever Caesar put it on;
’Twas on a summer’s evening, in his tent,
That day he overcame the Nervii.
Look, in this place ran Cassius’ dagger through;
See what a rent the envious Casca made;
Through this the well-belovèd Brutus stabbed;
And as he plucked his cursèd steel away,
Mark how the blood of Caesar followed it,
As rushing out of doors to be resolved
If Brutus so unkindly knocked or no;
For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar’s angel.
Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him!
This was the most unkindest cut of all;
For when the noble Caesar saw him stab,
Ingratitude, more strong than traitors’ arms,
Quite vanquished him. Then burst his mighty heart;
And in his mantle muffling up his face,
Even at the base of Pompey’s statue
(Which all the while ran blood) great Caesar fell.
O, what a fall was there, my countrymen!
Then I, and you, and all of us fell down,
Whilst bloody treason flourished over us.
O, now you weep, and I perceive you feel
The dint of pity. These are gracious drops.
Kind souls, what, weep you when you but behold
Our Caesar’s vesture wounded? Look you here!
Here is himself, marred, as you see, with traitors.
*(He shows Caesar’s body to the crowd.)*
---
### **The Crowd Turns**
The citizens are now enraged, crying, “Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire! Kill! Slay! Let not a traitor live!”
---
### **Antony Concludes**
**ANTONY:**
Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up
To such a sudden flood of mutiny.
They that have done this deed are honourable.
What private griefs they have, alas, I know not,
That made them do it. They are wise and honourable,
And will, no doubt, with reasons answer you.
I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts.
I am no orator, as Brutus is,
But, as you know me all, a plain blunt man
That love my friend; and that they know full well
That gave me public leave to speak of him.
For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth,
Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech
To stir men’s blood. I only speak right on.
I tell you that which you yourselves do know,
Show you sweet Caesar’s wounds, poor poor dumb mouths,
And bid them speak for me. But were I Brutus,
And Brutus Antony, there were an Antony
Would ruffle up your spirits and put a tongue
In every wound of Caesar that should move
The stones of Rome to rise and mutiny.
---
### **The Crowd’s Reaction**
The crowd is now fully incited and vows to burn the houses of the conspirators. Antony has achieved his goal of turning public opinion against Brutus and Cassius.
---
凱撒大帝怎樣被暗殺？
以下是威廉·莎士比亞的劇作《尤利烏斯·凱撒》中安東尼著名的演說。
尤利烏斯·凱撒乃誠實之人。其心胸開闊，深信人人皆如他。然而，事件之前曾有數次警告。有人為他列舉了共謀者之名，且有占卜者亦曾警示。然而，他皆予以忽視。在所有共謀者中，他最愛布魯圖斯，而布魯圖斯則是最後用匕首刺他之人。
以下是忠臣安東尼的演說。
他向人群展示了尤利烏斯·凱撒的屍體，並引導他們檢視屍體上的所有創傷。
布魯圖斯刺了凱撒並拔出其匕首。
尤利烏斯·凱撒的鮮血隨著匕首而噴出。
隨之而來的是尤利烏斯·凱撒的名句：
「還有你嗎，布魯圖斯？」（Et tu, Brute?）
布魯圖斯是他最為信任的追隨者。
尤利烏斯·凱撒未曾知曉，他乃羅馬命運之所系，若無他，羅馬必將滅亡。他是所有共謀者之目標。
以下是劇中著名的演說，詳述了當時的場景。
這是演說，非歷史之事，乃文學作品。但真實勝於歷史。
安東尼的演說
安東尼：
朋友，羅馬人，鄉民，借我你的耳朵；
我來埋葬恺撒，並非讚美他。
人所做的惡行，隨其後而存；
而善行常常與其骸骨同埋。
就讓這樣對待恺撒。高貴的布魯圖斯
告訴你們恺撒是野心家。
若果如此，這是一個重大的錯誤，
而恺撒也為此付出了沉重的代價。
在此，經布魯圖斯及其他人的允許——
因為布魯圖斯是個可敬之人；
他們皆是，皆是可敬之人——
我來此於恺撒的葬禮上發言。
他是我的朋友，對我忠誠公正；
然而布魯圖斯說他是野心家，
而布魯圖斯是個可敬之人。
他帶回了許多俘虜回到羅馬，
贖金充填了將軍的庫房。
這在恺撒眼中似乎是野心嗎？
當窮人呼喊時，恺撒會流淚；
野心應由更堅韌的物質所成。
然而布魯圖斯說他是野心的，
而布魯圖斯是個可敬之人。
你們都看到在盧佩卡爾
我三度向他呈上王冠，
他三度拒絕。這是野心嗎？
然而布魯圖斯說他是野心的，
而確實，他是一位可敬的人。
我不是要反駁布魯圖斯所言，
但我在這裡是要說我所知道的事。
你們曾經愛他，並非沒有理由；
那麼，什麼理由讓你們不為他哀悼？
哦，審判，汝已逃至野獸，
人已失去理智！忍耐我片刻；
我的心在那裡，與恺撒同在棺中，
我必須暫停，直到它回到我身邊。
.....
安東尼：
但昨日恺撒的名號
或可抵擋全世界。如今他躺在此地，
無人如此貧困而不敬重他。
哦，主人們，若我欲激起
你們的心與思維來叛變與憤怒，
我應該對布魯圖斯與卡西烏斯不公，
你們皆知他們是可敬之人。
我不願對他們不公；我寧願
對死者不公，對我自己與你們不公，
也不願對如此可敬之人不公。
但這裡有一封印著恺撒印章的羊皮紙；
我在他的衣櫃中找到它；這是他的遺囑。
讓平民聞此遺囑——
但請原諒我，我不打算朗讀——
他們必將去吻死去的恺撒的傷口，
並將他神聖的血沾在手帕上，
是的，甚至乞求留一根髮為紀念，
臨終時在遺囑中提及，
將其作為豐厚的遺產
留給他們的後代。
安東尼繼續
安東尼：
若你們有淚，準備現在流下。
你們皆知這件外衣。我記得
恺撒第一次穿上它的時候；
那是在一個夏天的傍晚，在他的帳篷裡，
那天他打敗了努爾比。
看，在這裡卡西烏斯的匕首刺入；
看那嫉妒的卡斯卡所造成的傷口；
通過這裡，心愛的布魯圖斯刺了他；
當他拔出該詛咒的鋼鐵，
看，恺撒的血如潮水般湧出，
如同衝出門外以確認
布魯圖斯是否如此無情地敲門；
因為布魯圖斯，正如你們所知，是恺撒的天使。
神啊，審判吧，恺撒是多麼愛他！
這是所有傷口中最殘忍的一刀；
因為當高貴的恺撒看到他刺他，
忘恩負義，超過叛徒的武器，
將他完全征服。然後他那強大的心臟破裂；
在他的外袍裹住臉時，
甚至在龐貝的雕像基座上（
那雕像全程流血）偉大的恺撒倒下。
哦，這是一個多麼大的跌倒，我的鄉民！
然後我、你們和我們所有人都倒下，
而血腥的叛變在我們之上蔓延。
哦，現在你們哭泣，我察覺到你們感受到
憐憫的重擊。這些是仁慈的淚水。
善良的靈魂，當你們僅僅目睹
我們恺撒的衣袍受了傷，為何哭泣？看這裡！
這裡是他自己，如你所見，被叛徒所傷。
(他向人群展示恺撒的遺體。)
人群的反應
市民們現在憤怒地喊著：“報仇！出發！尋找！燒！火！殺！屠戮！讓叛徒無所遁形！”
安東尼結束
安東尼：
好朋友，親愛的朋友，讓我不要激起你們
如此突然的叛變之洪流。
那些做此事的人是可敬的。
他們有何私怨，我不知道，
使他們如此行之。他們智慧且可敬，
無疑，會用理由回答你們。
我來這裡，朋友們，並非奪走你們的心。
我不是雄辯家，如布魯圖斯所言，
但，正如你們所知，我是一個平凡直率的人
愛我的朋友；而他們都知道
已給我公眾的許可來談論他。
因為我既無智慧，亦無言辭，亦無價值，
行動，言語，或演講的能力
來激起人們的血脈。我只是直言不諱。
我告訴你們那你們自己所知的，
向你們展示可愛的恺撒的傷口，貧窮而無言的嘴，
並請他們替我發聲。若我是布魯圖斯，
而布魯圖斯是安東尼，那麼有一個安東尼
會激起你們的精神，並在恺撒的每一傷口中放置一舌，
使羅馬的石頭都能為此而起義。
人群的反應
人群現在完全被激起，誓言要燒掉 conspirators 的房子。安東尼成功地轉變了公眾對布魯圖斯和卡西烏斯的看法。
