…………………………………………李察 Leechard
先說幾點中文的好處。雖然,有好處的文字,不代表你必須要愛她。
中文的好處如下:
第一,中國文字更能發揮右腦思維。就如同蘋果電腦更加適合繪圖那樣,中國文字,更加有利於右腦的綜合思維。因為,右腦是使用圖像多於符號的。
第二,中國文字閱讀速度最快,比拼音文字快。
第三,中國文字的打字速度最快,比拼音文字更快。
第四,中國文字的字數不多,常用字只有三兩千,
全部文字,連那些從未在一般出版物上出現的古字、僻字一起算,也只有幾萬字。而以英文為代表的拼音文字,字數是以百萬為單位計算的。因此,學習中文比其他文字,更為容易。
第五,中國文字最美。書法美,音調美,意境美。中國詩詞,獨步古今。
問題是,有好處的東西,你未必愛。一個人當是珠寶,另一個人以為是爛草。中國人漠視中文的情況,已經到了不可忍受的地步。
為甚麼要愛中文?
因為,中文是古今上下數千年來,唯一最強的維繫力量。中文使中國人團結不分裂,使中國統一強大,使中國人溝通無間。更加重要的是:未來世界,如果中國文化果然能夠與西方文化結合,新一代能夠用內外兩種眼光檢視物質與心靈,更上層樓,擺脫舊科技與舊習慣的羈絆,中文是最重要的橋樑。中西結合,內外結合,經濟危機就不再是危機。
所以,我愛中文!
(Quest No.8261 - - 2011/11/26)
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
莊子說:
★天地與我並生
★萬物與我為一
★ The Heavens are with me
and so does everything in
the Universe
(( Leechard Whatsapp: 852-91864286))
11/26/2011
11/17/2011
明天會塌樓嗎?
…………………………………………Leechard
明天也許會下雨,但卻未必會塌樓。
李察是屬於所謂「戰後的一代」,是二次大戰後的嬰兒潮產品。這一代的人,跟上一代是很不同的。上一代是戰亂的一代,這一代是和平的一代。多少年的和平歲月,早已悶得淡出鳥來。很多人都期望天下大亂的。整個國際大局的形勢,會不會再來一場洗牌,都推倒了,重新再來一次?
當然是不會的。這一次的和平時代,不會這樣快結束。政治家都從經濟上的困難著眼,警告說形勢危險。但從文化大局看,危樓尚未到倒塌的時候。從經濟上的小循環看,是有點風險。但從文化的大循環看,局勢還是相對穩定的。
第一個大局是:美國不會倒。
美國的困難,是從全球化來的。甚麼叫做「全球化」?這是一個有誤導性的名詞。其實,所謂「全球化」,只不過是全球的不適當分工。美國是一線國家,專門負責高尖產品的設計和推銷,而中國和其他周邊國家,只負責二線產品,例如成衣和裝嵌等等工作。此外的三線國家,就只是其他負責供應石油和礦產以至農林業資源或者風景資源的國家了。如此全球化,美國人自然會大量失業,但不會大量破產。地球上的主要利潤,還是美國人賺的。在全球化之下,中國人是「有得做沒得吃」,開的都是加工廠,大多數中國商人都是利潤微薄。美國人的職位,並非被中國人取走的,而是被美國老闆掉換了的。他們把職位都交給了機械人和二線的加工國家。
這樣的全球化環境,會像塌樓的環境嗎?在美國還有大量利潤的情況下,樓是不會塌的。雖然,美國人將會被迫把利潤吐出來,擴大本國的福利開支。
相反的是歐洲。美國人搞的是全球化,而歐洲人搞的是歐元化,其實即是地區化。地區化的歐洲諸國,自成體系,也不能說是自我孤立於全球化之外,但卻無法享受全球化帶來的便利。因為,歐洲諸國是落後了。無法製造美國式的尖端產品。連諾基亞亦無法戰勝蘋果。如果說,全球的大廈不會倒,歐洲的危機,才是比較像是危機的危機。
德國總理嚴厲指責若干歐元國不顧經濟規律行事,影響了歐洲大局。其實,歐元體系的問題,來自西方文化的根本問題。美國人由於有了全球化的平衡,有二線國家為美國提供了大量廉價勞工,又提供了幾乎是無邊無際的市場,這才使美國產品有了迴旋餘地,不至倒塌。但歐洲國家無法佔領尖端位置,只能做些小製作,所謂「現炒現賣」,經濟只能在小範圍內自己周轉,一旦問題出現,就無法轉寰。
地球人不是沒有危機的。危機來自西方文化的根本缺陷。西方科技造成了人口暴增,但這科技本身,不能解決生產和分配的結構平衡,亦沒有足夠的生產能力以應付大局,更無法兼顧環境污染。以燃燒石油為主力的經濟體系,未曾出現真正有自覺能力的思想領袖。亦因此,無法以人為的主觀理智推動全面改革。
但科技危機,是不會忽然出現的。這是長遠效應。
況且我們尚有第二個大局:中國亦不會倒。
中國和美國,將會為我們撐起半邊天。歐洲那邊,未必管得到了。
放心吧,我們這些二戰嬰兒,是不會看見塌樓的。問題只是,和平長大的孩子們,可以做甚麼:
是各為其主地不斷爭吵、指責、爭奪,還是潛心寂靜,多讀詩書?(Quest No.8260 - - 2011/11/16)
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
明天也許會下雨,但卻未必會塌樓。
李察是屬於所謂「戰後的一代」,是二次大戰後的嬰兒潮產品。這一代的人,跟上一代是很不同的。上一代是戰亂的一代,這一代是和平的一代。多少年的和平歲月,早已悶得淡出鳥來。很多人都期望天下大亂的。整個國際大局的形勢,會不會再來一場洗牌,都推倒了,重新再來一次?
當然是不會的。這一次的和平時代,不會這樣快結束。政治家都從經濟上的困難著眼,警告說形勢危險。但從文化大局看,危樓尚未到倒塌的時候。從經濟上的小循環看,是有點風險。但從文化的大循環看,局勢還是相對穩定的。
第一個大局是:美國不會倒。
美國的困難,是從全球化來的。甚麼叫做「全球化」?這是一個有誤導性的名詞。其實,所謂「全球化」,只不過是全球的不適當分工。美國是一線國家,專門負責高尖產品的設計和推銷,而中國和其他周邊國家,只負責二線產品,例如成衣和裝嵌等等工作。此外的三線國家,就只是其他負責供應石油和礦產以至農林業資源或者風景資源的國家了。如此全球化,美國人自然會大量失業,但不會大量破產。地球上的主要利潤,還是美國人賺的。在全球化之下,中國人是「有得做沒得吃」,開的都是加工廠,大多數中國商人都是利潤微薄。美國人的職位,並非被中國人取走的,而是被美國老闆掉換了的。他們把職位都交給了機械人和二線的加工國家。
這樣的全球化環境,會像塌樓的環境嗎?在美國還有大量利潤的情況下,樓是不會塌的。雖然,美國人將會被迫把利潤吐出來,擴大本國的福利開支。
相反的是歐洲。美國人搞的是全球化,而歐洲人搞的是歐元化,其實即是地區化。地區化的歐洲諸國,自成體系,也不能說是自我孤立於全球化之外,但卻無法享受全球化帶來的便利。因為,歐洲諸國是落後了。無法製造美國式的尖端產品。連諾基亞亦無法戰勝蘋果。如果說,全球的大廈不會倒,歐洲的危機,才是比較像是危機的危機。
德國總理嚴厲指責若干歐元國不顧經濟規律行事,影響了歐洲大局。其實,歐元體系的問題,來自西方文化的根本問題。美國人由於有了全球化的平衡,有二線國家為美國提供了大量廉價勞工,又提供了幾乎是無邊無際的市場,這才使美國產品有了迴旋餘地,不至倒塌。但歐洲國家無法佔領尖端位置,只能做些小製作,所謂「現炒現賣」,經濟只能在小範圍內自己周轉,一旦問題出現,就無法轉寰。
地球人不是沒有危機的。危機來自西方文化的根本缺陷。西方科技造成了人口暴增,但這科技本身,不能解決生產和分配的結構平衡,亦沒有足夠的生產能力以應付大局,更無法兼顧環境污染。以燃燒石油為主力的經濟體系,未曾出現真正有自覺能力的思想領袖。亦因此,無法以人為的主觀理智推動全面改革。
但科技危機,是不會忽然出現的。這是長遠效應。
況且我們尚有第二個大局:中國亦不會倒。
中國和美國,將會為我們撐起半邊天。歐洲那邊,未必管得到了。
放心吧,我們這些二戰嬰兒,是不會看見塌樓的。問題只是,和平長大的孩子們,可以做甚麼:
是各為其主地不斷爭吵、指責、爭奪,還是潛心寂靜,多讀詩書?(Quest No.8260 - - 2011/11/16)
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
11/08/2011
經濟發達的因素是甚麼?
…………………………………………李察 Leechard
當今世界,最現實,最急迫的經濟問題,共有兩個。第一個是:經濟發達的因素,第二個是經濟崩潰的因素。找到了箇中原因,才有穩定和平之可言。
經濟發達,有甚麼重要因子是必須具備的?
歸結起來,在於以下的三種因子:
「科技」、「私有制」,或者「中式自由」。
* * *
第一因子是「科技」。
印度人,日本人,俄羅斯人,都曾經盡了全力去學習西方科技。俄羅斯的彼得大帝,甚至改名換姓,潛到荷蘭的船廠去當學徒。而印度的尼赫魯總統,更聲言西方科技是唯一的經濟發展之路。走得更快的是日本人。日本在明治維新之後,不但只是全盤採用了西方科技,更連政治制度也徹底改革了,二次大戰後,依足美國人的建議,日本民主制度,被廣泛贊揚。不幸是日本人的經濟,忽然在一場地震中陷於崩潰,照抄西方科技的問題,全部暴露。
第二因子是「私有制」。
上一世代,人們傾向社會主義的計劃經濟。 包括了愛因斯坦和托爾斯泰在內的精英之士,都以為生產沒有計劃,會產生問題。這一世代,人們轉向資本主義。認為社會主義公有制思想,才是失敗的根源。又認為只有利己主義的自利精神,才是經濟發展的動力。部份轉向資本主義的國家,經濟上升。好像是証明了,自私才是社會發展的動力。但是,這許多同時轉向「私有制」的國家和地區,為甚麼仍然不能發展?「私有制」未必是經濟發達的保証。特別是當許多老舊的「私有制」國家,面臨惡劣經濟危機,更使問題突出。菲律賓的民主,是美式民主。但是,菲律賓卻從未擺脫貧窮。
第三因子是「自由」。
所謂「自由」,也不是普通印象中的自由,而是叢林經濟中的自由、「中式」的自由。
中式自由,並不是一個單獨概念,而是成對出現的雙概念。
這概念就是:大範圍內的「絕對」穩定,小範圍內的「絕對」自由。
何謂「絕對」穩定?何謂「絕對」自由?
中國人有句成語,「可以意會而不可以言傳」。言語是不能表達的,只有右腦中的意念可以領會。總之,明白的人是心領神會,一通百明,而且可能揮灑自如,得心應手。而且他們會譏笑不明白的人,以為他們就是一輩子不明白。但是,另外的一個因素,也永遠在不遠的地方等待著這些自以為明白的通達之士。樂極可以忘形,樂極也會生悲。經濟崩潰的陰影,永遠存在。經濟崩潰,不會因為「中式」自由而消失。
* * *
有一個忽然發達的具體例子,讓人們看見,一個鄉下佬,怎樣利用一千元的本錢,造出價值五萬元的商品。
為了減少不必要的誤會,故事中的人物,都是虛構的。讀者都明白,我們追求的是本質,而不是表面真實。如果有個出版商對李察說,看,你的事例都是沒有根據的。請先出示那一千元的會計單據,否則,我們絕對不會為你出版的。對於諸如此類的疑惑,李察只能報諸微笑。
鄉下佬名叫阿財。阿財的全部家財,只有一千元。幸運是他有個年輕貌美,十分能幹的老婆。他老婆不但擁有一輛腳踏衣車,而且更有一手車衣絕技。她在製衣廠工作多年,日產牛仔褲無數。工廠倒閉,她留在家裡,為人車縫度日。
又或者,個人性格也的確是有點影響的。他成功之後,記者蜂湧而至,都希望從他的性格裡,找到他發財的因子。
其實,對於整體經濟而言,個人性格並不重要。毅力,勤勞,創意,勇敢,意志,諸如此類的品格,車載斗量,要多少有多少。
那麼,甚麼才是重要的呢?
有一天,阿財回家,神秘兮兮的對老婆說,他有一個發財大計。老婆不睬他。因為,他幾乎是隔個星期,便想到發財大計,卻從來沒有一次是可行的。
兩天之後,阿財買了很多布料回家。家中地方不夠,便拿到後街的空地上剪裁。他對圍觀的孩子說,他要做一個會飛的熱氣球。
他的老婆倒是支持的,為他日夜趕工的車縫。
阿財又花了幾個星期的時間,找來一個能夠載人的籐籃,還有繩索,還有一部製造熱風的天然氣炊具。為了防避炊具在半空中失靈,又另備了一部後備的輔助炊具。他還預備了二十公斤的氣筒,總共是四個。此外,就是一部柴油的鼓風機。他的所有裝備,就只有這許多了。幾乎連指南針也沒有。風速計,氣壓計,衛星定位儀等起碼工具,全部欠奉。他所憑著的,就是高中時學的一點皮毛知識。他只知道,熱的空氣比較輕,能夠使氣球起飛,僅此而已。
試飛當日,他的老婆半信半疑,不知這氣球能夠不能夠真的升起。但阿財堅持要老婆一起坐進籐藍裡去。那天也沒有甚麼風,氣球居然一下子就搖搖晃晃的往上升,嚇得他的老婆尖聲大叫。
很快,叫聲就化為笑聲了。氣球在田野上空,低飛掠過,穿過了城鎮,穿過了河流,在不太遠的另一個縣城降落。
這件事,很快傳遍附近一帶的城鄉。早有不少好奇者,在他試飛當日拍了很多照片。鎮上的一家報紙,率先派來記者採訪。圖文並茂,一下子成名,帶來了甚麼呢?
不久,鄉鎮的官員來友善探訪。告訴他,這是一次違規飛行事件。他既沒有飛行執照,熱氣球也尚未通過安全檢測。如此這般,等等,等等,等等。故事還有很多下文。也不必在此講述了,鄉鎮企業違規的事情太多,恐怕要一部百科全書的篇幅,才說得完。
有一個名詞是「叢林經濟」。你好像是在叢林中探險。你生你死,保障是很少的。你要想在充滿猛獸與毒蛇的叢林中生存,必須用盡自己的智慧與精力。你是沒有甚麼保障的。但你可以自由。你可以用盡你自己的一切或正或邪的方法以謀求自保、生存,或者發展,甚至發達。如果有了保障,自由也就消失,你也同樣不能生存。在「自由」與「保障」之間,你如何謀取平衡?在「發達」與「行乞」之間,你又如何取捨?或者有人也會喜歡一點「道德」。但是,在叢林之中,是沒有道德這一回事的。當然有人是極度厭惡,亦也有人無限喜歡這種冒險環境。他會在瞬間發達,也會在瞬間滅亡。但無論如何,這種環境是有利於整個叢林的生長的。叢林中,植物茂盛,動物繁衍,品類充足,非常富裕。而失敗者早已被人吃掉了。叢林中,是沒有屍體的。死老鼠早就惹來了蒼蠅,螞蟻,一乾二淨。雖然這是動物境界,但,這是繁榮。
不久,阿財就把熱氣球賣了。他用的材料,只花了大約一千塊不到。但鄰縣一個富戶,竟肯花五萬塊錢來買。當然,這是更加哄動的。
阿財自己的興緻,更加高脹。他在網上發佈新聞,以氣球製造商自居。而他的氣球,也一個比一個造得更好。加添了許多必要裝備,又參考了外國氣球的規格,改善了各種材料。而他的家財,也就五萬、十萬地增加了。不久,阿財已經是個小富翁。
這件事,對於中國經濟有甚麼後果呢?
後果是:阿財一下子引來了二十幾個競爭者。有的是很有規模的廠商,他們有大型的廠房,還僱用了外國的專業工程師,還有優秀的行銷人材,把中國製造的熱氣球,推銷全世界。這方面,阿財雖然是很有意志和毅力,但也是無法跟他們競爭的。很快,阿財的喜劇,就化為悲劇了。他又再不名一文,至於他的妻子是不是仍然為人車縫過活,則是永遠沒有人知道的。因為這件事,在宏觀的政治經濟眼光看,是不重要的。阿財事件是沒有經濟學價值,亦沒有統計學價值的。
亦是因為這個原因,中國經濟發展的一個最重要內在因子,從此就鎖在浩如煙海的繁瑣理論裡,真相反而沒有人知道。
這因子,不止是西方科技。許多人以為科技十分神聖,其實也可以是十分粗淺的。像熱氣球之類的原理,連中學生也可以掌握。
這因子,亦未必完全是「私有制」。而且,「自由」和「自私」,更是完全兩碼事。
中國經濟迅速發達的因子,在於一種我們叫它做「絕對」自由的東西。
這一種特殊的自由,很接近於莊子的「絕對自由」。但卻是不相同的兩回事。只能姑且叫做「中式自由」。
「中式自由」,把限制減到最少,使每一個人,都有大展拳腳的機會。幾乎是想做甚麼,都可以。只要有膽量,違規或者甚麼的,你可以做,雖然你亦可以死。這就是叢林經濟的現實。亦是唯有在右腦傾向的文化中,有這一種特殊的自由。
「中式自由」是在一個大框架裡進行的。如果沒有了這個大框架,一切「自由」都不會存在。這大框架十分重要,就是在大範圍裡的「絕對」穩定。沒有了這個穩定,一切成空。如果有人敢於衝擊這大框架,肯定碰壁。或者,這框架會不會是「過份」了一點?會不會是太過「絕對」了一點?會不會是特別「敏感」了一點?有的人,根本無意冒犯,但已經被先行整頓。(例子是李察的文章,從未能在大陸發表,或者,有人是過份敏感了。)
一個軟殼的框架,會不會比一個硬殼的框架好些?把鋼鐵都用軟材料包裹起來,色彩和賣相會好看些?但這是不重要的。重要的是:我們已經看到中國經濟的實質,就是:「小藏於大」。小範圍裡的「絕對」自由,前提是要有一個大範圍裡的「絕對」穩定。
何謂「中式」的「絕對」自由?
這是「可意會不可言傳」,甚至是「可以做不可以說」的。
像阿財的例子就是一個。他不可以違規飛行,但他又確實是在違規飛行。雖然,他知道出事的時候,死的是他自己。沒有批文,不可以生產的物品,他大量出廠。如果查起來,他的財產,可以在一夜之間,變化為零。但是,他仍是在做。他在盡量利用他的「中式」自由。
這種「中式」自由,跟普通人印象中的自由,有微妙不同。但卻是使勇於嘗試的人,有了嘗試的可能。亦可以說,這「中式」自由,就是中國經濟的內在生命力量之一。
阿財一個人,當然是不重要的。重要的整個經濟環境。著眼大處的人,會看到大環境的變化,而不是那一個人死了。所以,更加重要,而且更有價值是那一批跟蹤而至的仿傚廠家。一種新興行業出現了。就業機會出現了。小鎮多了許多工廠,還有很多外圍的服務性行業,都出現了。小鎮的生產總值,大大標升。
違規當然是不好的。違規造成了危險,違規損害了無數人。誰要是適逢其會,誰就遭殃。
有人說,中國人的建築材料,都是用最先進的植物性蛋白纖維造成的。質量輕,承托力強。所以,房子一間一間的迅速建成,城市整體經濟,一下子冒升。人人口袋裡,都有了錢,都忽然發達了。有人問,這先進的「植物性蛋白纖維」是甚麼?就是「豆腐渣」。
沒有豆腐渣,就沒有叢林經濟。
有「絕對」的保障,就沒有自由;有「絕對」的自由,就沒有保障。
如果有人支持豆腐渣,必定會被痛罵。但是,這卻是中國經濟的規律。如果全部的違規事件「一下子」消失,中國經濟就會同樣地在「一下子」裡進入低潮,恐慌性拋售發生,飢荒和各種災難事件,亦會接踵而至。
沒有人認同豆腐渣的。但是,如果有人利用豆腐渣去衝擊大框架,卻是絕對不容。就算不是真的衝擊,也會被誤會是衝擊的。因為,「絕對」自由的對應概念,是「絕對」穩定。
問題是,甚麼叫做「絕對」呢?為甚麼要在「絕對」二字上加上引號呢?因為,這不是一般意義上的「絕對」,而是含有變動因素的微妙「絕對」。這同樣是可意會不可言傳的中式概念。沒有中國文化根底的人,是不可能明白的。
違規事件,是沒有人贊同的。但是,這卻是「中式」自由中的現象。這種「絕對」的「自由」,才是經濟暴發的推動因素。這「自由」,能使思想活躍,能使思想化為行動。相反的是規章太多,會使經濟活力失去。
北歐的小城鎮,都十分乾淨、整齊、清潔,每天晚上六時,所有人都下班回家。連鎮上唯一的小酒館,亦已關門。如果中國的城鎮都像這些北歐城鎮,違規事件自然是不會發生的。但經濟亦同樣不會增長。這就是水至清則無魚的道理。右腦傾向的中國人,深明此道。
那麼,保留一點髒,容忍一點腐,又好不好呢?這是很敏感的。因為,受到最大損害的,通常都是最底層的那一大群。他們是用生命與鮮血,承托起整體經濟的。容忍了貪腐,就對他們不起,就要肩負所有的罪名。沒有人肯這樣「說」的。
問題是:水要有多清,才不算是太清,又要有多濁,才不至把所有的魚,都濁死了。這就叫做通盤考慮。這才是觀察中國國情的起碼層次。如果要講甚麼「智慧」,這就是「智慧」之所在。
「小藏於大」只是問題的一半。還有就是:「大來自小」。無小則無大,小企業需要保持活力,這種活力,使整體的中國經濟興旺。但如果整體環境失去穩定,小企業也不可能生存。不許違規,就只有大企業能夠生存了。而大企業是活力不足的,也是承不起整體經濟的。
問題只是:中國經濟的這一種特殊情況,是有意栽花呢,還是無心插柳?
如果是有意栽花,則中國的經濟領導者就真是絕頂天才了。他們早已經預計這情況。
如果是無心插柳,就要研究,為甚麼中國文化裡會有這許多違規事情。是不是右腦傾向的中國文化,本來就是有這種特性的。
而更有智慧的人,亦必定會同時看到,中國實在是太大了。中國不止是有叢林,亦有無數森林與原野。高山密林與荒漠曠野,文明都市與窮鄉僻壤,同時存在於神州大地。叢林對於整個中國經濟的貢獻,不可抹殺。但是,叢林也不是唯一的。叢林經濟,只是過渡期間的產品。而一時的暴發,也不是長久富強之道。那是虛火。虛火上升,只能消耗體力,是亞健康,不是真健康。仿效中國的若干國家,當然更不可能明白這一點。他們以為無心插柳就是有意栽花,暫時的誤會,是不要緊的。但是,叢林卻不是人為力量所能夠繁殖起來的呢。此所以,學習中國的朋友,往往只能得其皮毛,不可能再造另一個叢林。
以上問題,可算中國經濟高速發展的因素。 忽然發達,也該知道,原因何在。
還有另一個問題,忽然崩潰的問題,亦是不可不注意的:現代經濟,包括了中國經濟在內,會不會也有可能「高速崩潰」呢?是不是有了外在的穩定,就不會崩潰呢?
問題是,何謂「內在的穩定」。
當有一天,不知誰個抓來一服遠古的中葯,把我們的內在體魄都調理好了,從此遠離了孔子的偏愛哲學,抬起頭來,真真正正做為一個人。甚麼樣的叢林,都只能把一個人鍛鍊得更加堅強,而不是變為一隻獸。
「內在的穩定」,才是真正的穩定。探討未來的經濟崩潰危機,這是不可忽略的一點。
再有才是關於西方科技的問題。目前所有的地球經濟,都以西方科技作為唯一工具。連中國一個鄉下佬,也懂得利用「熱空氣比較輕」的原理。但這一種西方科技,其實已經到了發展盡頭了。需要從新format了。這也是探討未來的重要考慮。
文章太長,超過五千字了。讀者可能全不介意,但李察的手指已經疲倦,不可能長時間呆在電腦鍵盤上了。下回分解吧。 (Quest No.8259 - - 2011/11/08)
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當今世界,最現實,最急迫的經濟問題,共有兩個。第一個是:經濟發達的因素,第二個是經濟崩潰的因素。找到了箇中原因,才有穩定和平之可言。
經濟發達,有甚麼重要因子是必須具備的?
歸結起來,在於以下的三種因子:
「科技」、「私有制」,或者「中式自由」。
* * *
第一因子是「科技」。
印度人,日本人,俄羅斯人,都曾經盡了全力去學習西方科技。俄羅斯的彼得大帝,甚至改名換姓,潛到荷蘭的船廠去當學徒。而印度的尼赫魯總統,更聲言西方科技是唯一的經濟發展之路。走得更快的是日本人。日本在明治維新之後,不但只是全盤採用了西方科技,更連政治制度也徹底改革了,二次大戰後,依足美國人的建議,日本民主制度,被廣泛贊揚。不幸是日本人的經濟,忽然在一場地震中陷於崩潰,照抄西方科技的問題,全部暴露。
第二因子是「私有制」。
上一世代,人們傾向社會主義的計劃經濟。 包括了愛因斯坦和托爾斯泰在內的精英之士,都以為生產沒有計劃,會產生問題。這一世代,人們轉向資本主義。認為社會主義公有制思想,才是失敗的根源。又認為只有利己主義的自利精神,才是經濟發展的動力。部份轉向資本主義的國家,經濟上升。好像是証明了,自私才是社會發展的動力。但是,這許多同時轉向「私有制」的國家和地區,為甚麼仍然不能發展?「私有制」未必是經濟發達的保証。特別是當許多老舊的「私有制」國家,面臨惡劣經濟危機,更使問題突出。菲律賓的民主,是美式民主。但是,菲律賓卻從未擺脫貧窮。
第三因子是「自由」。
所謂「自由」,也不是普通印象中的自由,而是叢林經濟中的自由、「中式」的自由。
中式自由,並不是一個單獨概念,而是成對出現的雙概念。
這概念就是:大範圍內的「絕對」穩定,小範圍內的「絕對」自由。
何謂「絕對」穩定?何謂「絕對」自由?
中國人有句成語,「可以意會而不可以言傳」。言語是不能表達的,只有右腦中的意念可以領會。總之,明白的人是心領神會,一通百明,而且可能揮灑自如,得心應手。而且他們會譏笑不明白的人,以為他們就是一輩子不明白。但是,另外的一個因素,也永遠在不遠的地方等待著這些自以為明白的通達之士。樂極可以忘形,樂極也會生悲。經濟崩潰的陰影,永遠存在。經濟崩潰,不會因為「中式」自由而消失。
* * *
有一個忽然發達的具體例子,讓人們看見,一個鄉下佬,怎樣利用一千元的本錢,造出價值五萬元的商品。
為了減少不必要的誤會,故事中的人物,都是虛構的。讀者都明白,我們追求的是本質,而不是表面真實。如果有個出版商對李察說,看,你的事例都是沒有根據的。請先出示那一千元的會計單據,否則,我們絕對不會為你出版的。對於諸如此類的疑惑,李察只能報諸微笑。
鄉下佬名叫阿財。阿財的全部家財,只有一千元。幸運是他有個年輕貌美,十分能幹的老婆。他老婆不但擁有一輛腳踏衣車,而且更有一手車衣絕技。她在製衣廠工作多年,日產牛仔褲無數。工廠倒閉,她留在家裡,為人車縫度日。
又或者,個人性格也的確是有點影響的。他成功之後,記者蜂湧而至,都希望從他的性格裡,找到他發財的因子。
其實,對於整體經濟而言,個人性格並不重要。毅力,勤勞,創意,勇敢,意志,諸如此類的品格,車載斗量,要多少有多少。
那麼,甚麼才是重要的呢?
有一天,阿財回家,神秘兮兮的對老婆說,他有一個發財大計。老婆不睬他。因為,他幾乎是隔個星期,便想到發財大計,卻從來沒有一次是可行的。
兩天之後,阿財買了很多布料回家。家中地方不夠,便拿到後街的空地上剪裁。他對圍觀的孩子說,他要做一個會飛的熱氣球。
他的老婆倒是支持的,為他日夜趕工的車縫。
阿財又花了幾個星期的時間,找來一個能夠載人的籐籃,還有繩索,還有一部製造熱風的天然氣炊具。為了防避炊具在半空中失靈,又另備了一部後備的輔助炊具。他還預備了二十公斤的氣筒,總共是四個。此外,就是一部柴油的鼓風機。他的所有裝備,就只有這許多了。幾乎連指南針也沒有。風速計,氣壓計,衛星定位儀等起碼工具,全部欠奉。他所憑著的,就是高中時學的一點皮毛知識。他只知道,熱的空氣比較輕,能夠使氣球起飛,僅此而已。
試飛當日,他的老婆半信半疑,不知這氣球能夠不能夠真的升起。但阿財堅持要老婆一起坐進籐藍裡去。那天也沒有甚麼風,氣球居然一下子就搖搖晃晃的往上升,嚇得他的老婆尖聲大叫。
很快,叫聲就化為笑聲了。氣球在田野上空,低飛掠過,穿過了城鎮,穿過了河流,在不太遠的另一個縣城降落。
這件事,很快傳遍附近一帶的城鄉。早有不少好奇者,在他試飛當日拍了很多照片。鎮上的一家報紙,率先派來記者採訪。圖文並茂,一下子成名,帶來了甚麼呢?
不久,鄉鎮的官員來友善探訪。告訴他,這是一次違規飛行事件。他既沒有飛行執照,熱氣球也尚未通過安全檢測。如此這般,等等,等等,等等。故事還有很多下文。也不必在此講述了,鄉鎮企業違規的事情太多,恐怕要一部百科全書的篇幅,才說得完。
有一個名詞是「叢林經濟」。你好像是在叢林中探險。你生你死,保障是很少的。你要想在充滿猛獸與毒蛇的叢林中生存,必須用盡自己的智慧與精力。你是沒有甚麼保障的。但你可以自由。你可以用盡你自己的一切或正或邪的方法以謀求自保、生存,或者發展,甚至發達。如果有了保障,自由也就消失,你也同樣不能生存。在「自由」與「保障」之間,你如何謀取平衡?在「發達」與「行乞」之間,你又如何取捨?或者有人也會喜歡一點「道德」。但是,在叢林之中,是沒有道德這一回事的。當然有人是極度厭惡,亦也有人無限喜歡這種冒險環境。他會在瞬間發達,也會在瞬間滅亡。但無論如何,這種環境是有利於整個叢林的生長的。叢林中,植物茂盛,動物繁衍,品類充足,非常富裕。而失敗者早已被人吃掉了。叢林中,是沒有屍體的。死老鼠早就惹來了蒼蠅,螞蟻,一乾二淨。雖然這是動物境界,但,這是繁榮。
不久,阿財就把熱氣球賣了。他用的材料,只花了大約一千塊不到。但鄰縣一個富戶,竟肯花五萬塊錢來買。當然,這是更加哄動的。
阿財自己的興緻,更加高脹。他在網上發佈新聞,以氣球製造商自居。而他的氣球,也一個比一個造得更好。加添了許多必要裝備,又參考了外國氣球的規格,改善了各種材料。而他的家財,也就五萬、十萬地增加了。不久,阿財已經是個小富翁。
這件事,對於中國經濟有甚麼後果呢?
後果是:阿財一下子引來了二十幾個競爭者。有的是很有規模的廠商,他們有大型的廠房,還僱用了外國的專業工程師,還有優秀的行銷人材,把中國製造的熱氣球,推銷全世界。這方面,阿財雖然是很有意志和毅力,但也是無法跟他們競爭的。很快,阿財的喜劇,就化為悲劇了。他又再不名一文,至於他的妻子是不是仍然為人車縫過活,則是永遠沒有人知道的。因為這件事,在宏觀的政治經濟眼光看,是不重要的。阿財事件是沒有經濟學價值,亦沒有統計學價值的。
亦是因為這個原因,中國經濟發展的一個最重要內在因子,從此就鎖在浩如煙海的繁瑣理論裡,真相反而沒有人知道。
這因子,不止是西方科技。許多人以為科技十分神聖,其實也可以是十分粗淺的。像熱氣球之類的原理,連中學生也可以掌握。
這因子,亦未必完全是「私有制」。而且,「自由」和「自私」,更是完全兩碼事。
中國經濟迅速發達的因子,在於一種我們叫它做「絕對」自由的東西。
這一種特殊的自由,很接近於莊子的「絕對自由」。但卻是不相同的兩回事。只能姑且叫做「中式自由」。
「中式自由」,把限制減到最少,使每一個人,都有大展拳腳的機會。幾乎是想做甚麼,都可以。只要有膽量,違規或者甚麼的,你可以做,雖然你亦可以死。這就是叢林經濟的現實。亦是唯有在右腦傾向的文化中,有這一種特殊的自由。
「中式自由」是在一個大框架裡進行的。如果沒有了這個大框架,一切「自由」都不會存在。這大框架十分重要,就是在大範圍裡的「絕對」穩定。沒有了這個穩定,一切成空。如果有人敢於衝擊這大框架,肯定碰壁。或者,這框架會不會是「過份」了一點?會不會是太過「絕對」了一點?會不會是特別「敏感」了一點?有的人,根本無意冒犯,但已經被先行整頓。(例子是李察的文章,從未能在大陸發表,或者,有人是過份敏感了。)
一個軟殼的框架,會不會比一個硬殼的框架好些?把鋼鐵都用軟材料包裹起來,色彩和賣相會好看些?但這是不重要的。重要的是:我們已經看到中國經濟的實質,就是:「小藏於大」。小範圍裡的「絕對」自由,前提是要有一個大範圍裡的「絕對」穩定。
何謂「中式」的「絕對」自由?
這是「可意會不可言傳」,甚至是「可以做不可以說」的。
像阿財的例子就是一個。他不可以違規飛行,但他又確實是在違規飛行。雖然,他知道出事的時候,死的是他自己。沒有批文,不可以生產的物品,他大量出廠。如果查起來,他的財產,可以在一夜之間,變化為零。但是,他仍是在做。他在盡量利用他的「中式」自由。
這種「中式」自由,跟普通人印象中的自由,有微妙不同。但卻是使勇於嘗試的人,有了嘗試的可能。亦可以說,這「中式」自由,就是中國經濟的內在生命力量之一。
阿財一個人,當然是不重要的。重要的整個經濟環境。著眼大處的人,會看到大環境的變化,而不是那一個人死了。所以,更加重要,而且更有價值是那一批跟蹤而至的仿傚廠家。一種新興行業出現了。就業機會出現了。小鎮多了許多工廠,還有很多外圍的服務性行業,都出現了。小鎮的生產總值,大大標升。
違規當然是不好的。違規造成了危險,違規損害了無數人。誰要是適逢其會,誰就遭殃。
有人說,中國人的建築材料,都是用最先進的植物性蛋白纖維造成的。質量輕,承托力強。所以,房子一間一間的迅速建成,城市整體經濟,一下子冒升。人人口袋裡,都有了錢,都忽然發達了。有人問,這先進的「植物性蛋白纖維」是甚麼?就是「豆腐渣」。
沒有豆腐渣,就沒有叢林經濟。
有「絕對」的保障,就沒有自由;有「絕對」的自由,就沒有保障。
如果有人支持豆腐渣,必定會被痛罵。但是,這卻是中國經濟的規律。如果全部的違規事件「一下子」消失,中國經濟就會同樣地在「一下子」裡進入低潮,恐慌性拋售發生,飢荒和各種災難事件,亦會接踵而至。
沒有人認同豆腐渣的。但是,如果有人利用豆腐渣去衝擊大框架,卻是絕對不容。就算不是真的衝擊,也會被誤會是衝擊的。因為,「絕對」自由的對應概念,是「絕對」穩定。
問題是,甚麼叫做「絕對」呢?為甚麼要在「絕對」二字上加上引號呢?因為,這不是一般意義上的「絕對」,而是含有變動因素的微妙「絕對」。這同樣是可意會不可言傳的中式概念。沒有中國文化根底的人,是不可能明白的。
違規事件,是沒有人贊同的。但是,這卻是「中式」自由中的現象。這種「絕對」的「自由」,才是經濟暴發的推動因素。這「自由」,能使思想活躍,能使思想化為行動。相反的是規章太多,會使經濟活力失去。
北歐的小城鎮,都十分乾淨、整齊、清潔,每天晚上六時,所有人都下班回家。連鎮上唯一的小酒館,亦已關門。如果中國的城鎮都像這些北歐城鎮,違規事件自然是不會發生的。但經濟亦同樣不會增長。這就是水至清則無魚的道理。右腦傾向的中國人,深明此道。
那麼,保留一點髒,容忍一點腐,又好不好呢?這是很敏感的。因為,受到最大損害的,通常都是最底層的那一大群。他們是用生命與鮮血,承托起整體經濟的。容忍了貪腐,就對他們不起,就要肩負所有的罪名。沒有人肯這樣「說」的。
問題是:水要有多清,才不算是太清,又要有多濁,才不至把所有的魚,都濁死了。這就叫做通盤考慮。這才是觀察中國國情的起碼層次。如果要講甚麼「智慧」,這就是「智慧」之所在。
「小藏於大」只是問題的一半。還有就是:「大來自小」。無小則無大,小企業需要保持活力,這種活力,使整體的中國經濟興旺。但如果整體環境失去穩定,小企業也不可能生存。不許違規,就只有大企業能夠生存了。而大企業是活力不足的,也是承不起整體經濟的。
問題只是:中國經濟的這一種特殊情況,是有意栽花呢,還是無心插柳?
如果是有意栽花,則中國的經濟領導者就真是絕頂天才了。他們早已經預計這情況。
如果是無心插柳,就要研究,為甚麼中國文化裡會有這許多違規事情。是不是右腦傾向的中國文化,本來就是有這種特性的。
而更有智慧的人,亦必定會同時看到,中國實在是太大了。中國不止是有叢林,亦有無數森林與原野。高山密林與荒漠曠野,文明都市與窮鄉僻壤,同時存在於神州大地。叢林對於整個中國經濟的貢獻,不可抹殺。但是,叢林也不是唯一的。叢林經濟,只是過渡期間的產品。而一時的暴發,也不是長久富強之道。那是虛火。虛火上升,只能消耗體力,是亞健康,不是真健康。仿效中國的若干國家,當然更不可能明白這一點。他們以為無心插柳就是有意栽花,暫時的誤會,是不要緊的。但是,叢林卻不是人為力量所能夠繁殖起來的呢。此所以,學習中國的朋友,往往只能得其皮毛,不可能再造另一個叢林。
以上問題,可算中國經濟高速發展的因素。 忽然發達,也該知道,原因何在。
還有另一個問題,忽然崩潰的問題,亦是不可不注意的:現代經濟,包括了中國經濟在內,會不會也有可能「高速崩潰」呢?是不是有了外在的穩定,就不會崩潰呢?
問題是,何謂「內在的穩定」。
當有一天,不知誰個抓來一服遠古的中葯,把我們的內在體魄都調理好了,從此遠離了孔子的偏愛哲學,抬起頭來,真真正正做為一個人。甚麼樣的叢林,都只能把一個人鍛鍊得更加堅強,而不是變為一隻獸。
「內在的穩定」,才是真正的穩定。探討未來的經濟崩潰危機,這是不可忽略的一點。
再有才是關於西方科技的問題。目前所有的地球經濟,都以西方科技作為唯一工具。連中國一個鄉下佬,也懂得利用「熱空氣比較輕」的原理。但這一種西方科技,其實已經到了發展盡頭了。需要從新format了。這也是探討未來的重要考慮。
文章太長,超過五千字了。讀者可能全不介意,但李察的手指已經疲倦,不可能長時間呆在電腦鍵盤上了。下回分解吧。 (Quest No.8259 - - 2011/11/08)
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11/03/2011
10/28/2011
我怎樣評價六四?
一九八九年六月五日的清晨,我如常地吃早餐。當時正在用小鋼匙在攪溶奶茶裡的糖。忽然電視傳來新聞,鎗聲,火燒,鎮壓,坦克,一連串的畫面,我立刻就震動不能自己了,小鋼匙摔在杯裡,並沒有推翻茶杯,只有一下撲落響聲。這響聲二十多年後的今天,仍然記得。當時只是震顛嘴唇,對著桌上的杯子說:「你叫我還能怎樣喝下去呀?」
那時,我正在明報寫一個問到底專欄。是幾個人合寫的。每天一個問題,都是寫的自然科學問題。後來,陸續有人退出,結果是全部由自己一人,硬著頭皮獨力包辦了。我並非科學專才,只有拼命四處去找資料。而當時的讀者對象是兒童。工作說大不大,說小則是很小的:要寫一些給兒童看的,有啟發性的科學問題。由一九八八年十二月開始寫,到了八九年六月,剛好是寫了半年。這半年來,大約是香港圖書館裡所有找得到的兒童科學書,都翻過了。浸淫在科學天地,原來是這樣有趣的。圖書館裡工作的一位女孩子,每天看見我這樣努力的翻書,有時是同時翻看幾本書,忍不住了,就問:「你這樣看書,一定是有來頭的,是不是?可以告訴我你是誰嗎?」試問,我可以怎樣回答?難道告訴她,本人是大作家?只能支支吾吾應付。她一再要求我給她名片,其實,那時的我,那有名片了?明報也沒有給作者印名片的。
一九八九年的前半,就是在這樣的氣氛中過去的。
六四震蕩之後,自己就主動跟當時的明報編輯尊子先生聯絡,問可以不可以把專欄的性質改了。以後多寫人文科學,少寫自然科學。想不到,答案竟然是可以。真是喜出望外,一氣寫了好多跟社會和政治制度有關的題目,而報上也並無干涉,好像十分自由。干涉是後來才出現的,批評孔子,高層就不高興了。但無論他們多麼不高興,他們無法改變一個事實:從八九到零七,本人已經在書海裡任意飛翔了一十八年,才被迫離開。不敢說是有甚麼心得,但是,每天提出一個問題的壓力,卻是天賜良機,很少人是擁有如此機會的。只希望,這機會不會在我的手裡虛擲了。而更加奇妙的卻是:這些文章,並無機會結集出版。更不要提後來才寫成的莊子理論了。這才是更巨大的壓力,迫使思想蘊釀的壓力。從這樣的角度看,我可算是最幸運的、獲得上天恩寵的幸運兒了。雖然文章並未和廣大讀者見面,但思想已經存在,觀念已經形成,文章已經寫出。壓力愈大,思想愈加活躍。
這些年來,寫了很多的小文章,也提出了很多的問題。每天一問,有一個總的感覺,無論小鳥要飛到那裡,總是離不開地心吸力。每一個小問題,都好像有一根線,飛到那裡,這線都是縛在肚臍上,離不開。
這一根線,也可以說,是一個總的大問題;我們從何處來?往何處去?
到底,中國人的未來會怎樣?中國人要往何處去?美國人要往何處去?全世界又要往何處去?生命的奧祕,人生的難題,都往那裡尋找?
而六四的問題,歸結也是一個問題;中國要往何處去?
按本人不成熟的觀察,這一個問題,到今天為止,也是只有兩個明顯的答案。而李察自己的答案,是未成熟的,不算數的。
其中第一個答案,是劉曉波、艾未未,和若干六四之後留美人仕的答案。他們認為,中國人只要仿效美國,走上美國之路,就是了。
而這樣的答案,大約當日天安門上的學生們,是不會想得到的。學生們是沒有這個要求的。要一直等到最近幾年,等到劉曉波弄出了「零八憲章」,還有各種文章和言論,答案才明顯了。
到底中國要往何處去?他們思考了這這十幾年,到底想到甚麼?
「零八憲章」是全無新意的。只是全盤照抄美國獨立宣言裡面的一套。
美國人的民主,出發點是沒有愛的。美國人最欠缺的就是愛,這是德蘭修女說的。如果美國人也真心想尋覓解決經濟問題的出路,請不要忽略德蘭修女的話。因為,這才是美國文化的缺口。美國人強調追尋快樂的自由、平等,是言行不一致的。獨立宣言出來的時候,美國還是個奴隸國。追尋快樂,漸漸變相為追求物質享受,捨棄靈性。美國帶動西方文化向著物慾和反智向下走。直到今時今日,美國的外交,仍是利益外交。美國總統奧巴馬上台的就職演說,其中一個愛字都沒有提到。美國人在越南、中東,掀起連串戰事,最近還大力包圍中國,在中國周邊不斷挑起事端,又用金錢支持各種政治派別,以學術幌子提倡孔孟儒術,企圖把中國巨龍催眠,回復往昔日子。
所以,本人極度懷疑,這少數幾位人仕,他們經歷了這十幾年,有沒有認真思考過、探索過,到底中國人要走上甚麼道路。照抄美國?難怪西方世界這樣吹捧他們。無論劉曉波還是艾未未,可說是在西方世界一帆風順,寫文章、開展覽,都有人大力捧場。還要拿諾貝爾獎,真是春風得意。但這樣做,是當日大部份學生的真心想法嗎?
他們有探索過,中國文化和西方文化的基本區別在那裡?有沒有思考過文化的向內和向外問題?有沒有留意到中國文化的右腦思維傾向?有沒有提防儒家思想的致命毒素?曾經試過從文化角度觀察嗎?封建儒學大翻身,為何視若無睹?美國圍堵中國,他們站在那一方?
六四問題,就是一個問題:中國要往何處去?
美國之路,是第一個答案。
第二個答案,是鄧小平提出的答案。這答案只有一句話:「摸著石頭過河。」
而這是可大可小的一句。何謂「過河」?哲學家和宗教家眼中的「彼岸」,意思其實也是一樣。問題是,怎樣才能達到彼岸?
鄧小平提供了一個方法:摸著石頭過去。
重要的是去「摸」。你要去摸索。但是,摸索卻是有前提的。這前提,鄧小平也沒有詳說。但是,意思卻是存在的,是不可能否定的。
前提總共有三個之多。其實,本來也不用說的。因為,意思已經存在。聰明人一早已經領會。說出來,不過是口癢,讓朋友們一笑吧了。
第一個前提是:先要站穩。這是不用說的。如果站也站不穩,一早己經被大水沖走,還怎樣過河?
站穩,也是要腳踏實地的意思。先要試清楚,落腳之地是浮沙還是硬地。
有了落腳之地,還要清清楚楚的知道,我是自己站起來的,還是被人扶植的?有許多人,身懷的不是絕技,而是美國人答允的綠卡。他的頭上,有的是直升機。一揚手,就飛走。比召計程車更快。這樣的人,自然,就是永遠站不起來,也用不著站起來的。
所以,第一個前提就是:要自己站起來!外來誘惑,不能動搖自己。自己的誘惑,更加不能動搖自己。甚麼貪污、甚麼腐敗,醇酒美人,絕對不沾。溫柔鄉是英雄塚,知道不知道呢?當然是知道的。做不做得到呢?自己或者做得到,兒子、孫子、媳婦、親戚、表弟、表妹甚麼的,就未必了。這是儒家留下的惡劣傳統,是兩千年的舊習慣。而習慣的力量,是無比巨大的。所以,要千方百計監督、制衡。中國人的許多問題,都來自此處。監督不力,制衡不足,就作怪了。所以,不但只是要自己站得起來,還要讓整個中國站得起來,這是難中之難。但是,難也要做,如果不做,就無法渡河,只有在河中淹死。
站起來,當然是不容易的。但是,只要想到,要站起來的,不是少數人,而是全中國的人、全世界的人,從整體角度著眼,改變了思維的視野,難題可能解決。
以上說了這麼多,都是第一個前提:要站得起來。
第二個前提,就是要彎腰。站得起來,固然是自豪的。但也要彎得下腰,謙虛一些。不彎腰,無法摸到石頭,也過不了河。問題只是:中國人的求知慾夠了嗎?中國人知道,下一塊石頭在那裡嗎?第一塊石頭,鄧小平已經摸到了。那就是改革開放。但這只是第一步。第二步怎樣走?求知慾不足,就不可能摸到第二塊石頭。傳統儒家的謙虛,只是教人低首下心,不要妄自出頭。那不是真的謙虛,那只是自殺。真的謙虛,就是渴望知道,下一塊石頭在那裡。
第三個前提,就是要伸手摸索。不但只是伸出左手,也伸出右手,還有無數其他的觸手。這是求知慾的延伸。為甚麼許多人不敢伸手摸索呢?因為站不穩。站不穩,手一伸,人就跌。學功夫,會學到馬步和站踳的原理。站穩了,重心移正,就可以伸手出去。這一前一後兩大功夫,是不可以錯的。錯了,就要摔跤。外面人看打太極,總有問題:為甚麼他遲遲不肯出手呢?明白的人就會知道,他是要先站穩。這是有道理的。
本文的題目是要評價六四。想不到,卻帶出了一個問題:下一塊石頭在那裡?
評價六四,就是要從全部的歷史看。只看局部,是很難看到真相的。六四的真相,有需要進一步研究探索。沒有看到真相,不能定案。但從宏觀的角度看,卻能看到,六四也是一場大辯論:到底中國要往何處去?有了這個心,這第二塊石頭的問題,就上心了。不止上心,是燒心了,不能自己了。
(Quest No.8258 - - 2011/10/28)
…………………………………………李察
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
那時,我正在明報寫一個問到底專欄。是幾個人合寫的。每天一個問題,都是寫的自然科學問題。後來,陸續有人退出,結果是全部由自己一人,硬著頭皮獨力包辦了。我並非科學專才,只有拼命四處去找資料。而當時的讀者對象是兒童。工作說大不大,說小則是很小的:要寫一些給兒童看的,有啟發性的科學問題。由一九八八年十二月開始寫,到了八九年六月,剛好是寫了半年。這半年來,大約是香港圖書館裡所有找得到的兒童科學書,都翻過了。浸淫在科學天地,原來是這樣有趣的。圖書館裡工作的一位女孩子,每天看見我這樣努力的翻書,有時是同時翻看幾本書,忍不住了,就問:「你這樣看書,一定是有來頭的,是不是?可以告訴我你是誰嗎?」試問,我可以怎樣回答?難道告訴她,本人是大作家?只能支支吾吾應付。她一再要求我給她名片,其實,那時的我,那有名片了?明報也沒有給作者印名片的。
一九八九年的前半,就是在這樣的氣氛中過去的。
六四震蕩之後,自己就主動跟當時的明報編輯尊子先生聯絡,問可以不可以把專欄的性質改了。以後多寫人文科學,少寫自然科學。想不到,答案竟然是可以。真是喜出望外,一氣寫了好多跟社會和政治制度有關的題目,而報上也並無干涉,好像十分自由。干涉是後來才出現的,批評孔子,高層就不高興了。但無論他們多麼不高興,他們無法改變一個事實:從八九到零七,本人已經在書海裡任意飛翔了一十八年,才被迫離開。不敢說是有甚麼心得,但是,每天提出一個問題的壓力,卻是天賜良機,很少人是擁有如此機會的。只希望,這機會不會在我的手裡虛擲了。而更加奇妙的卻是:這些文章,並無機會結集出版。更不要提後來才寫成的莊子理論了。這才是更巨大的壓力,迫使思想蘊釀的壓力。從這樣的角度看,我可算是最幸運的、獲得上天恩寵的幸運兒了。雖然文章並未和廣大讀者見面,但思想已經存在,觀念已經形成,文章已經寫出。壓力愈大,思想愈加活躍。
這些年來,寫了很多的小文章,也提出了很多的問題。每天一問,有一個總的感覺,無論小鳥要飛到那裡,總是離不開地心吸力。每一個小問題,都好像有一根線,飛到那裡,這線都是縛在肚臍上,離不開。
這一根線,也可以說,是一個總的大問題;我們從何處來?往何處去?
到底,中國人的未來會怎樣?中國人要往何處去?美國人要往何處去?全世界又要往何處去?生命的奧祕,人生的難題,都往那裡尋找?
而六四的問題,歸結也是一個問題;中國要往何處去?
按本人不成熟的觀察,這一個問題,到今天為止,也是只有兩個明顯的答案。而李察自己的答案,是未成熟的,不算數的。
其中第一個答案,是劉曉波、艾未未,和若干六四之後留美人仕的答案。他們認為,中國人只要仿效美國,走上美國之路,就是了。
而這樣的答案,大約當日天安門上的學生們,是不會想得到的。學生們是沒有這個要求的。要一直等到最近幾年,等到劉曉波弄出了「零八憲章」,還有各種文章和言論,答案才明顯了。
到底中國要往何處去?他們思考了這這十幾年,到底想到甚麼?
「零八憲章」是全無新意的。只是全盤照抄美國獨立宣言裡面的一套。
美國人的民主,出發點是沒有愛的。美國人最欠缺的就是愛,這是德蘭修女說的。如果美國人也真心想尋覓解決經濟問題的出路,請不要忽略德蘭修女的話。因為,這才是美國文化的缺口。美國人強調追尋快樂的自由、平等,是言行不一致的。獨立宣言出來的時候,美國還是個奴隸國。追尋快樂,漸漸變相為追求物質享受,捨棄靈性。美國帶動西方文化向著物慾和反智向下走。直到今時今日,美國的外交,仍是利益外交。美國總統奧巴馬上台的就職演說,其中一個愛字都沒有提到。美國人在越南、中東,掀起連串戰事,最近還大力包圍中國,在中國周邊不斷挑起事端,又用金錢支持各種政治派別,以學術幌子提倡孔孟儒術,企圖把中國巨龍催眠,回復往昔日子。
所以,本人極度懷疑,這少數幾位人仕,他們經歷了這十幾年,有沒有認真思考過、探索過,到底中國人要走上甚麼道路。照抄美國?難怪西方世界這樣吹捧他們。無論劉曉波還是艾未未,可說是在西方世界一帆風順,寫文章、開展覽,都有人大力捧場。還要拿諾貝爾獎,真是春風得意。但這樣做,是當日大部份學生的真心想法嗎?
他們有探索過,中國文化和西方文化的基本區別在那裡?有沒有思考過文化的向內和向外問題?有沒有留意到中國文化的右腦思維傾向?有沒有提防儒家思想的致命毒素?曾經試過從文化角度觀察嗎?封建儒學大翻身,為何視若無睹?美國圍堵中國,他們站在那一方?
六四問題,就是一個問題:中國要往何處去?
美國之路,是第一個答案。
第二個答案,是鄧小平提出的答案。這答案只有一句話:「摸著石頭過河。」
而這是可大可小的一句。何謂「過河」?哲學家和宗教家眼中的「彼岸」,意思其實也是一樣。問題是,怎樣才能達到彼岸?
鄧小平提供了一個方法:摸著石頭過去。
重要的是去「摸」。你要去摸索。但是,摸索卻是有前提的。這前提,鄧小平也沒有詳說。但是,意思卻是存在的,是不可能否定的。
前提總共有三個之多。其實,本來也不用說的。因為,意思已經存在。聰明人一早已經領會。說出來,不過是口癢,讓朋友們一笑吧了。
第一個前提是:先要站穩。這是不用說的。如果站也站不穩,一早己經被大水沖走,還怎樣過河?
站穩,也是要腳踏實地的意思。先要試清楚,落腳之地是浮沙還是硬地。
有了落腳之地,還要清清楚楚的知道,我是自己站起來的,還是被人扶植的?有許多人,身懷的不是絕技,而是美國人答允的綠卡。他的頭上,有的是直升機。一揚手,就飛走。比召計程車更快。這樣的人,自然,就是永遠站不起來,也用不著站起來的。
所以,第一個前提就是:要自己站起來!外來誘惑,不能動搖自己。自己的誘惑,更加不能動搖自己。甚麼貪污、甚麼腐敗,醇酒美人,絕對不沾。溫柔鄉是英雄塚,知道不知道呢?當然是知道的。做不做得到呢?自己或者做得到,兒子、孫子、媳婦、親戚、表弟、表妹甚麼的,就未必了。這是儒家留下的惡劣傳統,是兩千年的舊習慣。而習慣的力量,是無比巨大的。所以,要千方百計監督、制衡。中國人的許多問題,都來自此處。監督不力,制衡不足,就作怪了。所以,不但只是要自己站得起來,還要讓整個中國站得起來,這是難中之難。但是,難也要做,如果不做,就無法渡河,只有在河中淹死。
站起來,當然是不容易的。但是,只要想到,要站起來的,不是少數人,而是全中國的人、全世界的人,從整體角度著眼,改變了思維的視野,難題可能解決。
以上說了這麼多,都是第一個前提:要站得起來。
第二個前提,就是要彎腰。站得起來,固然是自豪的。但也要彎得下腰,謙虛一些。不彎腰,無法摸到石頭,也過不了河。問題只是:中國人的求知慾夠了嗎?中國人知道,下一塊石頭在那裡嗎?第一塊石頭,鄧小平已經摸到了。那就是改革開放。但這只是第一步。第二步怎樣走?求知慾不足,就不可能摸到第二塊石頭。傳統儒家的謙虛,只是教人低首下心,不要妄自出頭。那不是真的謙虛,那只是自殺。真的謙虛,就是渴望知道,下一塊石頭在那裡。
第三個前提,就是要伸手摸索。不但只是伸出左手,也伸出右手,還有無數其他的觸手。這是求知慾的延伸。為甚麼許多人不敢伸手摸索呢?因為站不穩。站不穩,手一伸,人就跌。學功夫,會學到馬步和站踳的原理。站穩了,重心移正,就可以伸手出去。這一前一後兩大功夫,是不可以錯的。錯了,就要摔跤。外面人看打太極,總有問題:為甚麼他遲遲不肯出手呢?明白的人就會知道,他是要先站穩。這是有道理的。
本文的題目是要評價六四。想不到,卻帶出了一個問題:下一塊石頭在那裡?
評價六四,就是要從全部的歷史看。只看局部,是很難看到真相的。六四的真相,有需要進一步研究探索。沒有看到真相,不能定案。但從宏觀的角度看,卻能看到,六四也是一場大辯論:到底中國要往何處去?有了這個心,這第二塊石頭的問題,就上心了。不止上心,是燒心了,不能自己了。
(Quest No.8258 - - 2011/10/28)
…………………………………………李察
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
10/23/2011
黑暗是在前面還是後面?
…………………………………………Leechard
小女孩是陌生人,如果是「親人」、「自己人」,那十八位視同陌路的冷漠者,就會忽然搶上前去的。
最近,小貨車在佛山市撞倒女童事件,不是小事,是大事。這件事引發出一個問題,到底中國人的前面,還有沒有黑暗。
香港傳媒,引述孔言孟語,認為事情是所謂「傳統價值」失去作用。以為只要回歸到孔孟之道,問題就會解決。
幾乎這是一個鐵的規律。兩千幾年來,每一次改朝換代,一無例外,統治者必定重新尊孔。把一種中國人頭上的思想枷鎖,重新鞏固。新中國會是例外嗎?
兩千幾年來,儒家人物中,自然是有人說過一些動聽好聽話的。例如,「老吾老以及人之老,幼吾幼以及人之幼。」或者「惻隱之心,人皆有之。」之類。
就是這些好聽的說話,把儒家的基本架構遮掩了。
儒家的問題,可以從兩方面看到。
第一方面是從歷史事實看。封建文化令中國巨龍久睡,兩千年來的悲慘往事,辦報文人,不可能失憶。如果真的失憶,請看看「阿Q正傳」和「孔乙己」,中國民族性的問題,一清二楚。
第二方面是從儒家的哲學架構看到。這本來是不難的。難的是,有人從既得利益出發,按上方命令辦事,只作傳聲筒,未曾深思。幾年前的香港報章,絕少引述孔言孟語。只是最近。不知是不是出於某種祕密指示,要提倡孔孟。報人忽然改口,異口同聲,口徑一致,只消引幾句好聽的孔言孟語,「先賢孟子」如此如此說,就能「証明」了,中國是必須走上孔孟之途的。
這一種趨勢,本來是只有在傳媒上看到的。各種提倡民主的政客,素來是置身事外,封口不言,迴避表達自己的真正思想。或者,當他們奪得權力之後,就會搖身一變,變回儒家鄉愿的原貌。
儒家的哲學架構,其實是絕對簡單,只有以下幾點:
一,現實。儒家認為,人是在大自然和超自然之外的。不需要禱告,也不需要敬拜鬼神。這是儒家的「現實」觀念。他們以為,做人就是要「現實」些。儒家是屬於泛神思想的。他們不是否定,亦不是承認有神。只是主張「現實」。(今人說的「務實」一詞,潛在的意思接近。)
二,權威。儒家主張尊敬權威。真理的標準,是在權威的手上。他們有權決定一切,包括了知識的對和錯。所以,儒家的「現實」是有前提的。前提就是「天命」。他們以為,天命降在誰的身上,誰就是真命天子。真命天子,有絕對的統治權威。
三,知識。儒家的傳統是不許求知,只許背誦。這一點,反映到了考試制度上,學生吃苦。但更加大苦是社會停滯。兩千年封建社會無進步。無知是主要原因。
四,差等。儒家提倡的「仁」,有等級上下觀念,有親疏內外之別,而且重男輕女,男尊女卑。(小女孩是陌生人,如果是「親人」、「自己人」,那十八位視同陌路的冷漠者,就會忽然搶上前去的。)後世出現的「仁愛」思想,企圖挽回這種可怕的差等思想,並非儒家的本意。在儒家哲學的基本架構之下,「仁愛」思想會流於空洞。只有「博愛」才是有針對性的,有用的。
以上幾點,就是儒家的基本哲學架構。既得利益的文人,要駁斥也是很容易的:「甚麼?儒家不是主張「一視同仁」的嗎?孟子不是主張人要有「惻隱之心」嗎?不是有人主張「老吾老以及人之老,幼吾幼以及人之幼」嗎?」
自然,這些都是對的。一視同仁是對的,惻隱是對的,老吾老也是對的。但是,十八位冷漠者卻只有一種兩千年封閉教育的反應:那是哲學架構決定了的。
還有一點應該一提,儒家的哲學架構,構成了阿Q行為的主要方面。阿Q的行為,平時不怎樣,但遇到了經濟壓力,和政治壓力,都會暴長。無論是忽然暴富或者忽然股市低迷,又或者是遇到了錯誤政策,官僚統治,都會擴充極化。在某些地區、某些時刻,阿Q和孔乙己特別多些,是必定的。 就好像一顆惡瘡一樣。惡瘡在皮膚出現,其實病情是在裡面。
而這樣的惡瘡,遇到不良的外在環境,必定劇烈擴張。經濟和政治,都是外在環境。經濟忽上忽落,政治陰晴不定,惡瘡就出來了,看得到了。
儒家之害,要從歷史事實看,亦要從基本哲學架構看,中國人的前路遙遠漫長,到底黑暗是在前面還是後面?新中國要不要走舊路?各位文化界前輩們,請不要讓儒學的片言隻語遮蔽了眼睛。 (Quest No.8257 - - 2011/10/23)
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
小女孩是陌生人,如果是「親人」、「自己人」,那十八位視同陌路的冷漠者,就會忽然搶上前去的。
最近,小貨車在佛山市撞倒女童事件,不是小事,是大事。這件事引發出一個問題,到底中國人的前面,還有沒有黑暗。
香港傳媒,引述孔言孟語,認為事情是所謂「傳統價值」失去作用。以為只要回歸到孔孟之道,問題就會解決。
幾乎這是一個鐵的規律。兩千幾年來,每一次改朝換代,一無例外,統治者必定重新尊孔。把一種中國人頭上的思想枷鎖,重新鞏固。新中國會是例外嗎?
兩千幾年來,儒家人物中,自然是有人說過一些動聽好聽話的。例如,「老吾老以及人之老,幼吾幼以及人之幼。」或者「惻隱之心,人皆有之。」之類。
就是這些好聽的說話,把儒家的基本架構遮掩了。
儒家的問題,可以從兩方面看到。
第一方面是從歷史事實看。封建文化令中國巨龍久睡,兩千年來的悲慘往事,辦報文人,不可能失憶。如果真的失憶,請看看「阿Q正傳」和「孔乙己」,中國民族性的問題,一清二楚。
第二方面是從儒家的哲學架構看到。這本來是不難的。難的是,有人從既得利益出發,按上方命令辦事,只作傳聲筒,未曾深思。幾年前的香港報章,絕少引述孔言孟語。只是最近。不知是不是出於某種祕密指示,要提倡孔孟。報人忽然改口,異口同聲,口徑一致,只消引幾句好聽的孔言孟語,「先賢孟子」如此如此說,就能「証明」了,中國是必須走上孔孟之途的。
這一種趨勢,本來是只有在傳媒上看到的。各種提倡民主的政客,素來是置身事外,封口不言,迴避表達自己的真正思想。或者,當他們奪得權力之後,就會搖身一變,變回儒家鄉愿的原貌。
儒家的哲學架構,其實是絕對簡單,只有以下幾點:
一,現實。儒家認為,人是在大自然和超自然之外的。不需要禱告,也不需要敬拜鬼神。這是儒家的「現實」觀念。他們以為,做人就是要「現實」些。儒家是屬於泛神思想的。他們不是否定,亦不是承認有神。只是主張「現實」。(今人說的「務實」一詞,潛在的意思接近。)
二,權威。儒家主張尊敬權威。真理的標準,是在權威的手上。他們有權決定一切,包括了知識的對和錯。所以,儒家的「現實」是有前提的。前提就是「天命」。他們以為,天命降在誰的身上,誰就是真命天子。真命天子,有絕對的統治權威。
三,知識。儒家的傳統是不許求知,只許背誦。這一點,反映到了考試制度上,學生吃苦。但更加大苦是社會停滯。兩千年封建社會無進步。無知是主要原因。
四,差等。儒家提倡的「仁」,有等級上下觀念,有親疏內外之別,而且重男輕女,男尊女卑。(小女孩是陌生人,如果是「親人」、「自己人」,那十八位視同陌路的冷漠者,就會忽然搶上前去的。)後世出現的「仁愛」思想,企圖挽回這種可怕的差等思想,並非儒家的本意。在儒家哲學的基本架構之下,「仁愛」思想會流於空洞。只有「博愛」才是有針對性的,有用的。
以上幾點,就是儒家的基本哲學架構。既得利益的文人,要駁斥也是很容易的:「甚麼?儒家不是主張「一視同仁」的嗎?孟子不是主張人要有「惻隱之心」嗎?不是有人主張「老吾老以及人之老,幼吾幼以及人之幼」嗎?」
自然,這些都是對的。一視同仁是對的,惻隱是對的,老吾老也是對的。但是,十八位冷漠者卻只有一種兩千年封閉教育的反應:那是哲學架構決定了的。
還有一點應該一提,儒家的哲學架構,構成了阿Q行為的主要方面。阿Q的行為,平時不怎樣,但遇到了經濟壓力,和政治壓力,都會暴長。無論是忽然暴富或者忽然股市低迷,又或者是遇到了錯誤政策,官僚統治,都會擴充極化。在某些地區、某些時刻,阿Q和孔乙己特別多些,是必定的。 就好像一顆惡瘡一樣。惡瘡在皮膚出現,其實病情是在裡面。
而這樣的惡瘡,遇到不良的外在環境,必定劇烈擴張。經濟和政治,都是外在環境。經濟忽上忽落,政治陰晴不定,惡瘡就出來了,看得到了。
儒家之害,要從歷史事實看,亦要從基本哲學架構看,中國人的前路遙遠漫長,到底黑暗是在前面還是後面?新中國要不要走舊路?各位文化界前輩們,請不要讓儒學的片言隻語遮蔽了眼睛。 (Quest No.8257 - - 2011/10/23)
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
特首何罪?
特首何罪?
幾年來,世界經濟風雨飄搖,但香港人仍有安定生活,在平穩中前進。但部份人仕竭力攻擊,無事生事。本來,這是偏私的政黨政治常態。但是,無限攻擊卻會造成無端端的緊張,阻礙真理追求。經濟和各種困難,目前是迫在眉睫,極需積極探尋,為未來找出可行路徑。但攻擊者卻絕無半點寬容之心。不問是非,倡言孔孟,製造混亂,四處點火。傳媒跟風,搖旗吶喊,多方呼應,已失公正。這一批人仕,根本心中從未有過求知心態,更不知香港人的前途在那裡。唯望特首本著大局為重,沈著應戰,不會跟他們一般見識。這才是未來的希望。(李察 Quest No.8255 - - 2011/10/18)
幾年來,世界經濟風雨飄搖,但香港人仍有安定生活,在平穩中前進。但部份人仕竭力攻擊,無事生事。本來,這是偏私的政黨政治常態。但是,無限攻擊卻會造成無端端的緊張,阻礙真理追求。經濟和各種困難,目前是迫在眉睫,極需積極探尋,為未來找出可行路徑。但攻擊者卻絕無半點寬容之心。不問是非,倡言孔孟,製造混亂,四處點火。傳媒跟風,搖旗吶喊,多方呼應,已失公正。這一批人仕,根本心中從未有過求知心態,更不知香港人的前途在那裡。唯望特首本著大局為重,沈著應戰,不會跟他們一般見識。這才是未來的希望。(李察 Quest No.8255 - - 2011/10/18)
10/21/2011
Are the Chinese soul sick, or dead?
*Leechard
A surveillance camera recorded a tragic event in China last Thursday(2011/10/13). A two-year-old girl was knocked down by a van. The van paused and drove away. The girl was lying on the street, while 18 passers-by ignored her, not one of them offered any help, later on, a truck ran over the child the second time, also left and without stopping. It was an old woman that was a rag collector came to her aid finally.
And this is not the first time. Similar events happened again and again. Only this time, a surveillance camera recorded the scene.
The soul of the Chinese was sick, though not dead. Eighteen passers-by were healthy in their bodies, but only the rag collector had a soul. She was responding with a normal human reaction.
We have 18 non-human reactions and one human reaction here. And it is a little proving that the Chinese soul is not dead, but in deep trouble.
Is it the simple result of a high-pressured dictatorship? Or is it the result of a long forgotten struggle of the Cultural Revolution? Or a sudden change into richness?
But the problem happened long before all these.
It might be the outcome of the special Chinese philosophy, which was designed and carried out through the ages by Confucian scholars and the authorities.
That man is alone and separated from the Heavens and it is not necessary to pray or worship them as it is more practical to tend to the material side of all matters.
That Heavenly Orders are in the hands of a selected emperor.
That one should obey the authorities, as they are the final judgement of every thing including knowledge.
That one should not try to quest for knowledge but memorize the teachings from the authorities is enough.
That if there is love, love should not be the same between inner circles and outsiders. One should love the authorities, parents and relatives more.
That women are subordinate to men.
It is this special philosophy that constituted the basic believe and behavior in Chinese history. That the little girl lying on the street was but a stranger, not relative, not kinship. It would not be the same attitude if the girl was their next of kin, though baby girls are always not welcomed. Boys are more welcomed to the world then girls. It is more practical not to care the trivial matters of the non-relatives.
The question is whether the philosophy had changed in the present day situation.
Would it be more tolerant or more severe under economic stresses as well as authoritarian manipulation policies? (No.8256e - - 2011/10/21)
-
-
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
-
-
A surveillance camera recorded a tragic event in China last Thursday(2011/10/13). A two-year-old girl was knocked down by a van. The van paused and drove away. The girl was lying on the street, while 18 passers-by ignored her, not one of them offered any help, later on, a truck ran over the child the second time, also left and without stopping. It was an old woman that was a rag collector came to her aid finally.
And this is not the first time. Similar events happened again and again. Only this time, a surveillance camera recorded the scene.
The soul of the Chinese was sick, though not dead. Eighteen passers-by were healthy in their bodies, but only the rag collector had a soul. She was responding with a normal human reaction.
We have 18 non-human reactions and one human reaction here. And it is a little proving that the Chinese soul is not dead, but in deep trouble.
Is it the simple result of a high-pressured dictatorship? Or is it the result of a long forgotten struggle of the Cultural Revolution? Or a sudden change into richness?
But the problem happened long before all these.
It might be the outcome of the special Chinese philosophy, which was designed and carried out through the ages by Confucian scholars and the authorities.
That man is alone and separated from the Heavens and it is not necessary to pray or worship them as it is more practical to tend to the material side of all matters.
That Heavenly Orders are in the hands of a selected emperor.
That one should obey the authorities, as they are the final judgement of every thing including knowledge.
That one should not try to quest for knowledge but memorize the teachings from the authorities is enough.
That if there is love, love should not be the same between inner circles and outsiders. One should love the authorities, parents and relatives more.
That women are subordinate to men.
It is this special philosophy that constituted the basic believe and behavior in Chinese history. That the little girl lying on the street was but a stranger, not relative, not kinship. It would not be the same attitude if the girl was their next of kin, though baby girls are always not welcomed. Boys are more welcomed to the world then girls. It is more practical not to care the trivial matters of the non-relatives.
The question is whether the philosophy had changed in the present day situation.
Would it be more tolerant or more severe under economic stresses as well as authoritarian manipulation policies? (No.8256e - - 2011/10/21)
-
-
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
-
-
10/17/2011
Will there be an easy answer to the global problem?
Will there be an easy answer to the global problem?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8254e 2011/10/16)
To find fault is easy. To find the real answer need lots of patience and effort.
The global economy has come to such a situation, that it is not only the problem of who is getting more, but it is deteriorating so quickly that things are getting real worse and it needs an urgent study to find out the causes.
To find fault only stops the mind. When we are facing a difficult situation in searching a better path for the country, we need patience not force.
Blaming some one is useless.
We need to reset our minds to prepare for some totally new concepts that has never had a place in our minds before.
We have the concepts of Capitalism, Socialism, etc.
No matter which one was in force, the “Practice” was the same. Some rules, some laws, some constitutions were changed, and election methods changed, but the basic “Practice” remained unchanged: We “treat” things the same way. We “treat” people the same way.
Concept No.1,
We have the same practice on “Treating Things”:
Humans were using the same kinds of electricity. They are burning the same kinds of fuel. The Newtonian method was the only method available. The Indians had tried to abandon machine, but soon failed. They had to come back to Newton. What is the difference between Einstein and Newton? It seems confused. But in every field of human practice, it is always the same old method. We are still using the Arabic number and the same kinds of adding and subtracting arithmetic, etc.
Will there be a completely “NEW” practice that we need not do any kinds of “counting” and abandon electricity?
In a sense, electricity can not be “stored” effectively. We can not stored electricity for another city, or the next decade to use. We should try some better thing.
We had been thinking that we are not making things big enough, fast enough. But actually we were making things too big we cannot handle. A container tanker recently collided into a reef near New Zealand, and there is no way to remove the containers from the sinking ship. The same thing happens in the nuclear science. We are making something we cannot handle.
We are making nuclear wastes as well as carbon monoxide; those are the things we cannot handle. Some one has asked, if God is all-powerful, can God make something He cannot lift up? Here comes God’s answer, if humans are so powerful, can humans made something humans cannot handle? And here is the tragic answer of “yes”.
What is the next “practice” for us? Probably no answer. But it is time we must try to reset our mind into a new mold of thinking. And it is not easy. We need a completely open mind to do this.
And the new commandment for the new age is:
Thou shall not kill new ideas.
This is a big problem, but we can say only this much here. It is too big a story to tell in a short time.
Concept No.2
The second problem: We have the same practice on “Treating People”.
Families break up as quick as in Capitalism or Socialism. Self-interest is the same every where, with only very little difference in each places. We have parents to resort to in the old ages. But now we have nothing to resort to except money. How do we treat our fellow human beings?
And the new concept of love has been new for the last two thousand years. Love has no important place in the human mind. Courts judge in law, but not love. Countries fought in self-interests but not love. Businessman deals with others in exchange of materials, but not love. Love is not respected in the modern society. To change this concept need more than an old mind. We need to re-format ourselves to achieve this.
There is no easy answer to our problems. Blaming anyone is to stop thinking.
Don’t blame others. Quest for the truth.
Thou shall not kill new ideas.
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8254e 2011/10/16)
To find fault is easy. To find the real answer need lots of patience and effort.
The global economy has come to such a situation, that it is not only the problem of who is getting more, but it is deteriorating so quickly that things are getting real worse and it needs an urgent study to find out the causes.
To find fault only stops the mind. When we are facing a difficult situation in searching a better path for the country, we need patience not force.
Blaming some one is useless.
We need to reset our minds to prepare for some totally new concepts that has never had a place in our minds before.
We have the concepts of Capitalism, Socialism, etc.
No matter which one was in force, the “Practice” was the same. Some rules, some laws, some constitutions were changed, and election methods changed, but the basic “Practice” remained unchanged: We “treat” things the same way. We “treat” people the same way.
Concept No.1,
We have the same practice on “Treating Things”:
Humans were using the same kinds of electricity. They are burning the same kinds of fuel. The Newtonian method was the only method available. The Indians had tried to abandon machine, but soon failed. They had to come back to Newton. What is the difference between Einstein and Newton? It seems confused. But in every field of human practice, it is always the same old method. We are still using the Arabic number and the same kinds of adding and subtracting arithmetic, etc.
Will there be a completely “NEW” practice that we need not do any kinds of “counting” and abandon electricity?
In a sense, electricity can not be “stored” effectively. We can not stored electricity for another city, or the next decade to use. We should try some better thing.
We had been thinking that we are not making things big enough, fast enough. But actually we were making things too big we cannot handle. A container tanker recently collided into a reef near New Zealand, and there is no way to remove the containers from the sinking ship. The same thing happens in the nuclear science. We are making something we cannot handle.
We are making nuclear wastes as well as carbon monoxide; those are the things we cannot handle. Some one has asked, if God is all-powerful, can God make something He cannot lift up? Here comes God’s answer, if humans are so powerful, can humans made something humans cannot handle? And here is the tragic answer of “yes”.
What is the next “practice” for us? Probably no answer. But it is time we must try to reset our mind into a new mold of thinking. And it is not easy. We need a completely open mind to do this.
And the new commandment for the new age is:
Thou shall not kill new ideas.
This is a big problem, but we can say only this much here. It is too big a story to tell in a short time.
Concept No.2
The second problem: We have the same practice on “Treating People”.
Families break up as quick as in Capitalism or Socialism. Self-interest is the same every where, with only very little difference in each places. We have parents to resort to in the old ages. But now we have nothing to resort to except money. How do we treat our fellow human beings?
And the new concept of love has been new for the last two thousand years. Love has no important place in the human mind. Courts judge in law, but not love. Countries fought in self-interests but not love. Businessman deals with others in exchange of materials, but not love. Love is not respected in the modern society. To change this concept need more than an old mind. We need to re-format ourselves to achieve this.
There is no easy answer to our problems. Blaming anyone is to stop thinking.
Don’t blame others. Quest for the truth.
Thou shall not kill new ideas.
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10/14/2011
What is “Growth”?
What is “Growth”?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8253e 2011/10/14)
It depends.
In the fields of economics or politics, “growth” is not something happening in a tree. It is only a numeric increase rate.
Economists were working feverishly to find out the possible reason of the EU problems recently. Shawn Tully wrote in the Fortune Magazine in September 5, 2011: ”…Growth in Europe is already slowing sharply and will probably keep weakening. The reason: Interest rates will be far higher then predicted….”
What is “growth”? It is a number shown in computers. When the figures increase, things are growing.
People are trying to solve the life and death problems of the globe in a mathematical way. Increase some figures here, decrease some figures there. If the interest rates are low enough, then people will have money to buy, to spend, to invest, and problems solved.
But growth itself is more than a figure.
Financial manipulation can not help the growth. Extra-effort is essential.
What extra-effort?
The extra-effort must be so powerful that it could have the power and authority to re-format the old thinking system, to change the way humans think.
We are not talking about re-formatting the economic system or social system or class system. Because, All the external structures are the reflection of the internal thinking system.
When humans have a clear insight to see into the present situation, real growth will emerge.
A real growth is not making more i-phones or selling more Fords. We have been making the same thing and selling the same thing for too long a time.
What is growth?
Growth is the total development of mankind. We are growing from Stone Age to electronic age. We are growing from a tree-shape national economy to a globalize economy. And the globalize economy is not balanced, is shattered.
Hopefully, we are growing from unbalance to balance.
And it is idealistic. It is against pragmatism. If we do need a change, this is the real change.
In the future, we need a very good cooperation of idealism and pragmatism. Pragmatism without ideal is just like a diligent worker, he never reads, but works and works. And he will never change.
And the question is how. Where do we start? How can we humans have a better thinking system and re-format our minds? Should we take off our skins like a snake changing herself?
Yes. You are right.
Lets start here. Lets scratch here. Drop a few lines into the Internet, to irritate people and ourselves think. That is all we needed right now.
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…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8253e 2011/10/14)
It depends.
In the fields of economics or politics, “growth” is not something happening in a tree. It is only a numeric increase rate.
Economists were working feverishly to find out the possible reason of the EU problems recently. Shawn Tully wrote in the Fortune Magazine in September 5, 2011: ”…Growth in Europe is already slowing sharply and will probably keep weakening. The reason: Interest rates will be far higher then predicted….”
What is “growth”? It is a number shown in computers. When the figures increase, things are growing.
People are trying to solve the life and death problems of the globe in a mathematical way. Increase some figures here, decrease some figures there. If the interest rates are low enough, then people will have money to buy, to spend, to invest, and problems solved.
But growth itself is more than a figure.
Financial manipulation can not help the growth. Extra-effort is essential.
What extra-effort?
The extra-effort must be so powerful that it could have the power and authority to re-format the old thinking system, to change the way humans think.
We are not talking about re-formatting the economic system or social system or class system. Because, All the external structures are the reflection of the internal thinking system.
When humans have a clear insight to see into the present situation, real growth will emerge.
A real growth is not making more i-phones or selling more Fords. We have been making the same thing and selling the same thing for too long a time.
What is growth?
Growth is the total development of mankind. We are growing from Stone Age to electronic age. We are growing from a tree-shape national economy to a globalize economy. And the globalize economy is not balanced, is shattered.
Hopefully, we are growing from unbalance to balance.
And it is idealistic. It is against pragmatism. If we do need a change, this is the real change.
In the future, we need a very good cooperation of idealism and pragmatism. Pragmatism without ideal is just like a diligent worker, he never reads, but works and works. And he will never change.
And the question is how. Where do we start? How can we humans have a better thinking system and re-format our minds? Should we take off our skins like a snake changing herself?
Yes. You are right.
Lets start here. Lets scratch here. Drop a few lines into the Internet, to irritate people and ourselves think. That is all we needed right now.
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10/11/2011
Who is accountable, Wall Street, or China?
Who is accountable, Wall Street, or China?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8252e 2011/10/10)
Now people are gathering around Wall Street, protesting the plutocrats of hurting their livelihood. Days before, politicians were still debating who is accountable for all the difficulties of America. It is an obvious game, once the accountable were found, then things will be immediately settled, at least, in the minds of those who do not know globalization.
Globalization has broken the tree.
In the good old days, economy was just like a tree. With roots on the ground, leaves under the sun, and fruits on the branches. On my library desk, there is still a very old Kodak photo-slide viewer, which was made in USA, probably in the late seventies. American designers designed it, American workers assembled the body. And it was sold to the Far East.
Now the tree is amputated.
If the machine is still marketable, it will be assembled somewhere in Asia, not in the States.
At first, there are some barriers between the countries, different laws, taxes, and customs, resisting the tree. Trees cannot grow so easily around the world.
But the barriers are fragile.
The European Union has taken away the barriers of money exchange, thus making the tree separated more easily. Southern countries like Greece exported their vegetables and fish to the North, and buy French TVs and German cars from them.
The EU is a small-scale globalization. Much bigger scale globalization happened elsewhere.
At first, this is a funny game of merry-go-round. Advanced countries pushed their dirty industries and labor-intensive industries to other countries. Business was an exquisite magic. Fashion patterns designed in the morning in France, stitched up somewhere in Asia in the afternoon, by nighttime, ladies were wearing them in New York.
If business was like a tree, now the tree had been broken into different parts all over the world.
What happen?
Humans were alienated from their roots. They lost their jobs.
And the question is not who is accountable.
The question is how can we deal with the tree-animal.
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…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8252e 2011/10/10)
Now people are gathering around Wall Street, protesting the plutocrats of hurting their livelihood. Days before, politicians were still debating who is accountable for all the difficulties of America. It is an obvious game, once the accountable were found, then things will be immediately settled, at least, in the minds of those who do not know globalization.
Globalization has broken the tree.
In the good old days, economy was just like a tree. With roots on the ground, leaves under the sun, and fruits on the branches. On my library desk, there is still a very old Kodak photo-slide viewer, which was made in USA, probably in the late seventies. American designers designed it, American workers assembled the body. And it was sold to the Far East.
Now the tree is amputated.
If the machine is still marketable, it will be assembled somewhere in Asia, not in the States.
At first, there are some barriers between the countries, different laws, taxes, and customs, resisting the tree. Trees cannot grow so easily around the world.
But the barriers are fragile.
The European Union has taken away the barriers of money exchange, thus making the tree separated more easily. Southern countries like Greece exported their vegetables and fish to the North, and buy French TVs and German cars from them.
The EU is a small-scale globalization. Much bigger scale globalization happened elsewhere.
At first, this is a funny game of merry-go-round. Advanced countries pushed their dirty industries and labor-intensive industries to other countries. Business was an exquisite magic. Fashion patterns designed in the morning in France, stitched up somewhere in Asia in the afternoon, by nighttime, ladies were wearing them in New York.
If business was like a tree, now the tree had been broken into different parts all over the world.
What happen?
Humans were alienated from their roots. They lost their jobs.
And the question is not who is accountable.
The question is how can we deal with the tree-animal.
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10/09/2011
Why is it so hard to resume full employment in the States?
Why is it so hard to resume full employment in the States?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8251e 2011/10/09)
In the old days, you could always go into the plantation and find a job. Or went into the construction site, if you were in Egypt, to help build the pyramid.
What is the difference between a plantation and a pyramid? Plantation is productive, and pyramids not.
For example, if pyramids are to be building in the States, tens of thousands of jobs could be easily created.
But it is not productive; it will soon consume all the resources and bring the country to an end.
Smart people will know immediately the problem.
Job creation is to create the whole practice. And the practice MUST bring in profit. The profit could push the practice into another round of practice, thus keeps its life, and the jobs.
I have used the term “practice” instead of “business”.
A business is self-motivated. Business will like to use machines to replace jobs. And they will remove the whole business into another country from time to time. Business is not job motivated.
A practice is human-motivated. The aim of the practice is to push the whole practice of globalization into a healthy way.
And the problem is nobody knows how. We do not know where we are going. We do not know how.
Thus, the practice itself should solve this problem first. We shall ask where we are going. We shall seek, what is our aim.
I had written something about the concept of “Labrary”
I shall write again later.
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…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8251e 2011/10/09)
In the old days, you could always go into the plantation and find a job. Or went into the construction site, if you were in Egypt, to help build the pyramid.
What is the difference between a plantation and a pyramid? Plantation is productive, and pyramids not.
For example, if pyramids are to be building in the States, tens of thousands of jobs could be easily created.
But it is not productive; it will soon consume all the resources and bring the country to an end.
Smart people will know immediately the problem.
Job creation is to create the whole practice. And the practice MUST bring in profit. The profit could push the practice into another round of practice, thus keeps its life, and the jobs.
I have used the term “practice” instead of “business”.
A business is self-motivated. Business will like to use machines to replace jobs. And they will remove the whole business into another country from time to time. Business is not job motivated.
A practice is human-motivated. The aim of the practice is to push the whole practice of globalization into a healthy way.
And the problem is nobody knows how. We do not know where we are going. We do not know how.
Thus, the practice itself should solve this problem first. We shall ask where we are going. We shall seek, what is our aim.
I had written something about the concept of “Labrary”
I shall write again later.
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10/07/2011
Why the American apple has turned sour?
Why the American apple has turned sour?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8250e 2011/10/05)
Parable is a very good tool. Tree is a parable. But it is too simple to compare to the human behavior. In this days of global economy, I would rather say, it is more like a tree-animal, then a tree.
Trees in good soil can produce good fruit. There is a strange relationship between the soil and the tree. Trees cannot be relocated. A good tree in America, if relocated to China, the fruit will turn bitter, if not sour.
The Asians can always hire American talent, and buy up the whole American company, in a while their economy seemed growing healthily, but sooner or later, they will have problem.
Culture is just like tree in the soil. Trees can be copied, imitated, or even relocated. But if the trees do not have the sources of the soil, they will simply turn out complicated sour fruits.
We saw different western trees were growing in the soils round the globe. They can turn out money for a short time.
And the real problem is in America itself. American apples have turned sour, too.
In the times of Henry Ford, the American tree was healthy. The apples are sweet. A few apples can support the whole tree. The apples good, the leaves green, the branches strong. No body complains job losing.
But in the times of Steve Jobs, the American apples were scarce, though still sweet, but the market result told us, the apple products plus other advanced products cannot make the whole market healthy, the fruits cannot support the whole tree. The leaves are not as green, the branches are not as strong. Then people like Paul Krugman started talking about American competitiveness. They doubt the American success. They wish to “lower the price”, so as to strengthen the “competitiveness”.
Why are the Americans not the same as before?
It is because, the soils did changed within the American boundary.
Every thing have changed but one. Only politics has not changed. There are the same old arguments every day. But education changed. Religion changed. Atmosphere changed. Minds changed.
It does not mean, the old times are better. Good old days are always but a dream. We are not in a dream, but in a stream. And the stream is running downwards.
Why can’t the sweet iphone support the whole tree?
Its because, one iphone is not powerful enough. And now we have the “globalization”.
What is that?
It is a tree-animal.
And it is very strange. Iphones are American product, but they are “Made in China”.
You cannot expect, a tree grows in the United States, but the fruits are picked up in China. (Though the American people still owns the tree and the fruit.)
We are forced to change concepts. What does “made in somewhere ” mean? And trees are no more trees. They are tree-animals. Trees have feet, they can walk. Trees are walking every where round the globe, and they are animals, because they can only think half-consciously. The economy beast is not human.
Americans are working hard. They are working hard to drive away new immigrants from the south, fighting crime gangs in the street, and not to mention the terrorists and wars. But they cannot handle the tree-animal.
What is “globalization”?
It is a separated tree. Roots in a country, leaves in another, fruits in the third, etc.
And the tree is trying to balance itself. It is not balanced now. And it is not a human. It has a brain, but it has no mind.
What are we fighting for now?
Are we fighting for a “lower price”? Or an unbalanced money system? Or change the status of US money? Should we build an exchange system to govern the whole world? Do we have enough power to do this?
What are we fighting for now?
I would say, we should be fighting for time. And time can give us enough mental power to clear the problems. We need a quiet mind to do this, if we do mean it.
The tree-animal is not coming. It has come. Lets sit down quietly under the tree, and figure out what to do.
(P.S. One more word: tree-animal is not a fire. If fires are burning, we should run for our life, giving up every thing. Why? It is because you know it. You know what is a fire. But we do not know, what is “globalization”. )
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8250e 2011/10/05)
Parable is a very good tool. Tree is a parable. But it is too simple to compare to the human behavior. In this days of global economy, I would rather say, it is more like a tree-animal, then a tree.
Trees in good soil can produce good fruit. There is a strange relationship between the soil and the tree. Trees cannot be relocated. A good tree in America, if relocated to China, the fruit will turn bitter, if not sour.
The Asians can always hire American talent, and buy up the whole American company, in a while their economy seemed growing healthily, but sooner or later, they will have problem.
Culture is just like tree in the soil. Trees can be copied, imitated, or even relocated. But if the trees do not have the sources of the soil, they will simply turn out complicated sour fruits.
We saw different western trees were growing in the soils round the globe. They can turn out money for a short time.
And the real problem is in America itself. American apples have turned sour, too.
In the times of Henry Ford, the American tree was healthy. The apples are sweet. A few apples can support the whole tree. The apples good, the leaves green, the branches strong. No body complains job losing.
But in the times of Steve Jobs, the American apples were scarce, though still sweet, but the market result told us, the apple products plus other advanced products cannot make the whole market healthy, the fruits cannot support the whole tree. The leaves are not as green, the branches are not as strong. Then people like Paul Krugman started talking about American competitiveness. They doubt the American success. They wish to “lower the price”, so as to strengthen the “competitiveness”.
Why are the Americans not the same as before?
It is because, the soils did changed within the American boundary.
Every thing have changed but one. Only politics has not changed. There are the same old arguments every day. But education changed. Religion changed. Atmosphere changed. Minds changed.
It does not mean, the old times are better. Good old days are always but a dream. We are not in a dream, but in a stream. And the stream is running downwards.
Why can’t the sweet iphone support the whole tree?
Its because, one iphone is not powerful enough. And now we have the “globalization”.
What is that?
It is a tree-animal.
And it is very strange. Iphones are American product, but they are “Made in China”.
You cannot expect, a tree grows in the United States, but the fruits are picked up in China. (Though the American people still owns the tree and the fruit.)
We are forced to change concepts. What does “made in somewhere ” mean? And trees are no more trees. They are tree-animals. Trees have feet, they can walk. Trees are walking every where round the globe, and they are animals, because they can only think half-consciously. The economy beast is not human.
Americans are working hard. They are working hard to drive away new immigrants from the south, fighting crime gangs in the street, and not to mention the terrorists and wars. But they cannot handle the tree-animal.
What is “globalization”?
It is a separated tree. Roots in a country, leaves in another, fruits in the third, etc.
And the tree is trying to balance itself. It is not balanced now. And it is not a human. It has a brain, but it has no mind.
What are we fighting for now?
Are we fighting for a “lower price”? Or an unbalanced money system? Or change the status of US money? Should we build an exchange system to govern the whole world? Do we have enough power to do this?
What are we fighting for now?
I would say, we should be fighting for time. And time can give us enough mental power to clear the problems. We need a quiet mind to do this, if we do mean it.
The tree-animal is not coming. It has come. Lets sit down quietly under the tree, and figure out what to do.
(P.S. One more word: tree-animal is not a fire. If fires are burning, we should run for our life, giving up every thing. Why? It is because you know it. You know what is a fire. But we do not know, what is “globalization”. )
note (20260330):
The last resort is WAR: Money will be flowing again, towards my pocket.....
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10/05/2011
What makes America products competitive in Paul Krugman's view?
What makes America products competitive in Paul Krugman’s view?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8249e 2011/10/05)
In my view, America products are competitive in their advanced culture. The American has been leading the way for the last two hundred years. They have the most advanced airplanes, space ships, computers, mobile phones, etc. These kinds of products are very competitive. Apple had opened two new stores in Hong Kong and Shanghai last week. They proved people like American products; people are willing to pay more for them; not a little more, but a lot more. People queue over night for new products coming from America.
Why the American people could have a better technology, while the others could not? Even the Europeans like the Nokia, or the Asians like the Sam Sung can hardly complete with them. Why?
In my view, this remains a culture secret.
An apple tree grew in the soils of America, if removed else where, like Japan or Korea or China, will never has the same good apples on the tree. The tree is but the tool of the soil. The apple is from the soil. The iphone 5 is from the soil. And the soil is the western culture itself. And the culture is in the minds of every American. Or we can say the iphone 5 is from Benjamin Franklin, from Abraham Lincoln, from Thomas Edison, from Martin Luther King, from John Lennon and etc.
The Japanese, the Korean, the Chinese all bought trees from America. They hired American scientists and engineers, but can they produce the same good apples? Obviously not. They can buy the tree, but they can never buy the soil. If hot competition is coming in the future, people should watch out for products from the other soil, not products from the relocated trees.
And more of the America competitive power is hidden, for they have not put all their products to the market. You can never buy a stealth plane, or other higher secret military product from the market. That means, the Americans have not shown all their might in competitiveness.
Competitive power is from the inner core of the culture itself, not from a lower price.
Now, from the Global edition of the New York Times yesterday (2011.10.4.), we saw comments from Paul Krugman. He said, “…we need to make American product more competitive, which in practice means that we need the dollar’s value to fall in terms of other currencies….”
May be he needs to reconsider the real inner power of the competitiveness of the American culture.
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…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8249e 2011/10/05)
In my view, America products are competitive in their advanced culture. The American has been leading the way for the last two hundred years. They have the most advanced airplanes, space ships, computers, mobile phones, etc. These kinds of products are very competitive. Apple had opened two new stores in Hong Kong and Shanghai last week. They proved people like American products; people are willing to pay more for them; not a little more, but a lot more. People queue over night for new products coming from America.
Why the American people could have a better technology, while the others could not? Even the Europeans like the Nokia, or the Asians like the Sam Sung can hardly complete with them. Why?
In my view, this remains a culture secret.
An apple tree grew in the soils of America, if removed else where, like Japan or Korea or China, will never has the same good apples on the tree. The tree is but the tool of the soil. The apple is from the soil. The iphone 5 is from the soil. And the soil is the western culture itself. And the culture is in the minds of every American. Or we can say the iphone 5 is from Benjamin Franklin, from Abraham Lincoln, from Thomas Edison, from Martin Luther King, from John Lennon and etc.
The Japanese, the Korean, the Chinese all bought trees from America. They hired American scientists and engineers, but can they produce the same good apples? Obviously not. They can buy the tree, but they can never buy the soil. If hot competition is coming in the future, people should watch out for products from the other soil, not products from the relocated trees.
And more of the America competitive power is hidden, for they have not put all their products to the market. You can never buy a stealth plane, or other higher secret military product from the market. That means, the Americans have not shown all their might in competitiveness.
Competitive power is from the inner core of the culture itself, not from a lower price.
Now, from the Global edition of the New York Times yesterday (2011.10.4.), we saw comments from Paul Krugman. He said, “…we need to make American product more competitive, which in practice means that we need the dollar’s value to fall in terms of other currencies….”
May be he needs to reconsider the real inner power of the competitiveness of the American culture.
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10/04/2011
What is “wind”?

What is “wind”?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8248e 2011/10/04 Tuesday)
Wind is air moving in a block. Wind has a body. And the body can move. Wind is more than a stream. Wind is a moving body. Streams were but part of our experiences. And this is important. If we cannot see the body, then wind is hardly harnessable.
We should try to measure how wide and how high are the wind blocks. Scientists were interested mainly on the “speed” of the wind stream. And that is not enough. If winds are moving, then the whole blocks are moving. What is the shape of the block? Is it like a belt? Or a cake? Or a river? When one block moves, will other blocks turn around? Its only when you could see the sizes and locations of the blocks, then you can know their relation.
And our problem is: How to harness the block?
Turbans could only harness the stream, not the block. And that is far more then not enough.
We should build “wind dam” to make use of the wind energy.
And more interestingly, the wind dams could be built by nylon materials, not stones and concrete.
I do hope, we could have cheaper energy created by wind dams in the very near future.
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愛因斯坦是否有錯?
(何謂「外在時間」)
愛因斯坦是否有錯?
(何謂「外在時間」)
………………………………………………………李察
(問到底No.8247 2011/10/03 Monday)
*周一人物*
所有可以在鐘表上看到的時間,都是外在時間。事物都是有自己的內在發展時間的。用外在的鐘表工具,只能得到外在的時間。這一種想法,其實是很基本的。將來必定是人人都明白。
例如,如果你在另外的一個星系上,測量我的時間。你發覺,我只有十歲。雖然,我實際上是九十歲。這曾經是科學家常常描述的。(不是科幻小說,而是科學家們,包括了愛因斯坦自己,也是這樣說。)
但是,這不過只是外在的量度。
如果我今年九十歲,這是我的真實年齡。如果你用一枚慢一些的表去數我的年齡,是沒有甚麼意思的。
我是否挑戰偉大的愛因斯坦?我不敢。
我只是想指出,事物都有自己的生長規律。而外在的量度,不能改變這內在的生長規律。
或者有人會爭論:去到另外的星系時,心跳會減慢,新陳代謝也會減慢。那又如何?
當然這是可能的。但是,你只是生長得慢了。但你不是重返當年。今天我九十歲,到了外太空生活了十年, 或者我不會是一百歲,而只是九十二歲。更不會重新回到我的童年,不會變成只有十歲。我也不會打一通電報,給從前的我。(從前在另一時空中生活的「我」)(又或者,愛因斯坦如果到今天仍活著,他不會打電報了,發一封電郵就是。)
因為,「時間」是不能從「事物」身上分開的。每一件事,都有自己的時間。而能夠測量計算的,都只是外在的時間。外在時間,或者是真的能夠變化的。但是,內在的時間不會。
這樣說,是不是挑戰愛因斯坦?我希望不是。因為,我不明白相對論。我只是想研究,時間的基本意義是甚麼。如果愛因斯坦真的是錯了,他就是錯在這起點的地方。
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(明天問題:
10/02/2011
10/01/2011
What is “external time”?
What is “external time”?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8247e 2011/10/01 Saturday)
I hope this is the very basic understand that all people should know it in the near future. That all time from the clocks we know on earth are external time. You can use a clock, or any other means to measure the growth or development of something, then you are measuring the external time.
For example, if you measure my time from another galaxy, you will find I am only 10 years old, even actually I am now 90. Though these kinds of measuring of time are hot topics on science stories, some people predicted if you go to another galaxy and you “will” become 10 years old then.
However, this is but the external counting only.
I am 90 years old and that is the real time of my life. If you use a slower clock to count it, that is meaningless.
Am I challenging the formidable Einstein? I dare not.
I only tried to point out; things could have their own growth rate. In addition, external counting does not change the growth rate.
Some will argue with me. What if I have a slower heartbeat and metabolic rate in another galaxy?
Of course, that is possible. Then, You are growing slower, but you are not going back. I am 90 years old, ten years later perhaps I will be 92 only, but I will never come back as 10 years old. And I cannot send a telegraph to another “me” who is living in another “time”. (If Einstein lives today, he will send email instead of telegraph.)
Because, time cannot be separated from the things. Every “thing” has its own time. What is countable is external time only.
Even though the external time could change, but the internal time will not.
Am I challenging Einstein? I hope not. Because I do not understand his theory. I only tried to find out the very basic meaning of time. If he was wrong, he must be wrong from the very beginning.
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…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8247e 2011/10/01 Saturday)
I hope this is the very basic understand that all people should know it in the near future. That all time from the clocks we know on earth are external time. You can use a clock, or any other means to measure the growth or development of something, then you are measuring the external time.
For example, if you measure my time from another galaxy, you will find I am only 10 years old, even actually I am now 90. Though these kinds of measuring of time are hot topics on science stories, some people predicted if you go to another galaxy and you “will” become 10 years old then.
However, this is but the external counting only.
I am 90 years old and that is the real time of my life. If you use a slower clock to count it, that is meaningless.
Am I challenging the formidable Einstein? I dare not.
I only tried to point out; things could have their own growth rate. In addition, external counting does not change the growth rate.
Some will argue with me. What if I have a slower heartbeat and metabolic rate in another galaxy?
Of course, that is possible. Then, You are growing slower, but you are not going back. I am 90 years old, ten years later perhaps I will be 92 only, but I will never come back as 10 years old. And I cannot send a telegraph to another “me” who is living in another “time”. (If Einstein lives today, he will send email instead of telegraph.)
Because, time cannot be separated from the things. Every “thing” has its own time. What is countable is external time only.
Even though the external time could change, but the internal time will not.
Am I challenging Einstein? I hope not. Because I do not understand his theory. I only tried to find out the very basic meaning of time. If he was wrong, he must be wrong from the very beginning.
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
9/30/2011
時光是會倒流的嗎?
時光是會倒流的嗎?
………………………………………………………李察
(問到底No.8246 2011/09/29 Thursday)
親愛的Prosephine :
真是十分謝謝來信。因為,這封信,掀起了我長久在心裡的一個問題。我自從很小很小的時候,已經常常想到這一個問題了:甚麼是「時間」?今天再次檢視相同問題,趣味特別濃厚。
我想到,時間只不過是一種量度事情發生的工具。自然,這也是很幼稚的。例如,我想到,從學校走路回家,要多少「時間」呢?那時,我是沒有手錶的。雖然我發瘋似地渴望有一隻手錶。從學校走路回家,要看看那山上教堂的大鐘。只要指針走了兩格,就是大約十分鐘,我已經到家了。每次當我看見那巨型的指針在吃力地跳動,就想到,時間是在這針裡面的嗎?當然不是的。這針也不過是一種計算工具。這是小學生也會明白的。那時,也時常讀舊式小說的。小說中時常提到,「一柱香」那麼久的時間,或者,「一盞茶」時份,也是另外的一種測量時間的工具。甚至,眼皮也能測量時間的,「一貶眼之間」,也是時間。連「口氣」也可以是時間。學校離家這樣近,「一口氣」就到了。大約「兩口氣」之間,就可以來回。
又好像那日出日落,或者出生死亡之類,都是各有時間的。只要用一種工具,無論那是手錶也好,大鐘也好,都可以算出來。
那麼,時間是不是可以獨立計算的呢?
好像很簡單。時間當然是可以獨立計算的。一秒、兩秒、加上去就是。
但有時數字太大了,就要依賴專業人仕去計算。
又或者專業人仕們太忙了。他們發明了很多符號,去簡化計算。例如,他們找到了一個「無限大」的符號“∞”,到了無法計算的一刻,就用這符號填上去。時間到了這麼久遠,是無限了,那麼,時間會回頭嗎?
如果時間沒有跟「事情」(things)的發展脫開了,大約人們是不會這樣想的。
時間本來只是「事情」的發展,是不能獨立的。要有事情,才有時間。沒有事情,就沒有時間。現在的所謂「時間」,不過是一種數學。而這數學,是可以隨意計算,不必理會事情是怎樣發展的。
這就是說,所謂「時間」,不過是人類測量事情發展的一種外在的工具。就好像是一把尺子。這尺子,本來是要附同「事情」一起的。現在是拆了尺子出來,我們已經忘記了,宇宙間本來是沒有這把尺子的。這尺子,不過是一種人造的符號,一種人為的想像。
你當然是可以想像一下,一種「無限長」的時間,是怎樣的。更加可能想像,時間到了無限長的「境界」,會不會往回走。“∞” 會不會回來,又變為 ”1”?甚至變為“0”? 而更有趣的是,我們明明知道,所謂 “0”,也完全是一種想像,宇宙間是沒有“0”這一件東西的。
有甚麼問題呢?
問題就是,我們已經把「時間」和「事情」分割開了。
時間與事情的分割,就是現代科學的重要特徵。
當計算混亂的一刻,人們又不自然地想到,要把「事情」放回去,放回去「時間」裡面。
他們以為,「時光」倒流,「事情」也會倒流的。
我們會跟著時間一起「復活」嗎?
請注意,我不是反對「復活」的。事情會發生,會發展,會生長,那是「事情」自己的事。如果「事情」會重新發展,甚至走回頭,也並非不可能。但是,時間回頭,卻未必等於事情倒流。這是要分清楚的。
時間有兩種。一種是外在的,人為的計算。另一種,是事情本身的發展順序。時間是分為「外在時間」和「內在時間」兩種的。
一朵花開了,就是一朵花開了。如果我們嘗試測量,花仍是花。但如果你把你的數字拿走了,你讓數字自己獨立了,離開了,只是你自己的想像。就好像現在是二千零幾多年。你再加一千,兩千上去,也只是計算。至於兩千年之後,還有沒有這個地球存在,則是另外一回事。地球不是因為「日曆」而存在的。如果「日曆」回頭,地球是未必跟著一起回頭的。
時間不可以跟事情(現實)分割,因為,時間本來是內在於現實之中的。外在時間,是作不得準的。
我們時常希望知道, 「現實」是往何處去,又會回頭不會回頭?
時光倒流,現實未必倒流。花開了,未必會變回種子。花兒開過了,不會好像從未曾開過那樣。青春過去,不再回頭。回頭只是外在化的想像而已。
如果時間只不過是一種外在計算,那麼,我們就會被迫想到:
事情的內在發展,會是怎麼樣的?我走完了這一段路,下一段路又是怎樣的?
這問題是好的。因為,這問題會引人前瞻。往前看,是很快樂的。
真的希望,這一類問題,可以把我們的層次提升。
李察謹上
查詢電話 2559-4690
★(寶貴意見,大家分享。請寫到以下電郵地址:
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★(或請直接鍵入以下的 ‘comments’ 連結點:
(Or, click the ‘comments’ link below.)
(明天問題:
………………………………………………………李察
(問到底No.8246 2011/09/29 Thursday)
親愛的Prosephine :
真是十分謝謝來信。因為,這封信,掀起了我長久在心裡的一個問題。我自從很小很小的時候,已經常常想到這一個問題了:甚麼是「時間」?今天再次檢視相同問題,趣味特別濃厚。
我想到,時間只不過是一種量度事情發生的工具。自然,這也是很幼稚的。例如,我想到,從學校走路回家,要多少「時間」呢?那時,我是沒有手錶的。雖然我發瘋似地渴望有一隻手錶。從學校走路回家,要看看那山上教堂的大鐘。只要指針走了兩格,就是大約十分鐘,我已經到家了。每次當我看見那巨型的指針在吃力地跳動,就想到,時間是在這針裡面的嗎?當然不是的。這針也不過是一種計算工具。這是小學生也會明白的。那時,也時常讀舊式小說的。小說中時常提到,「一柱香」那麼久的時間,或者,「一盞茶」時份,也是另外的一種測量時間的工具。甚至,眼皮也能測量時間的,「一貶眼之間」,也是時間。連「口氣」也可以是時間。學校離家這樣近,「一口氣」就到了。大約「兩口氣」之間,就可以來回。
又好像那日出日落,或者出生死亡之類,都是各有時間的。只要用一種工具,無論那是手錶也好,大鐘也好,都可以算出來。
那麼,時間是不是可以獨立計算的呢?
好像很簡單。時間當然是可以獨立計算的。一秒、兩秒、加上去就是。
但有時數字太大了,就要依賴專業人仕去計算。
又或者專業人仕們太忙了。他們發明了很多符號,去簡化計算。例如,他們找到了一個「無限大」的符號“∞”,到了無法計算的一刻,就用這符號填上去。時間到了這麼久遠,是無限了,那麼,時間會回頭嗎?
如果時間沒有跟「事情」(things)的發展脫開了,大約人們是不會這樣想的。
時間本來只是「事情」的發展,是不能獨立的。要有事情,才有時間。沒有事情,就沒有時間。現在的所謂「時間」,不過是一種數學。而這數學,是可以隨意計算,不必理會事情是怎樣發展的。
這就是說,所謂「時間」,不過是人類測量事情發展的一種外在的工具。就好像是一把尺子。這尺子,本來是要附同「事情」一起的。現在是拆了尺子出來,我們已經忘記了,宇宙間本來是沒有這把尺子的。這尺子,不過是一種人造的符號,一種人為的想像。
你當然是可以想像一下,一種「無限長」的時間,是怎樣的。更加可能想像,時間到了無限長的「境界」,會不會往回走。“∞” 會不會回來,又變為 ”1”?甚至變為“0”? 而更有趣的是,我們明明知道,所謂 “0”,也完全是一種想像,宇宙間是沒有“0”這一件東西的。
有甚麼問題呢?
問題就是,我們已經把「時間」和「事情」分割開了。
時間與事情的分割,就是現代科學的重要特徵。
當計算混亂的一刻,人們又不自然地想到,要把「事情」放回去,放回去「時間」裡面。
他們以為,「時光」倒流,「事情」也會倒流的。
我們會跟著時間一起「復活」嗎?
請注意,我不是反對「復活」的。事情會發生,會發展,會生長,那是「事情」自己的事。如果「事情」會重新發展,甚至走回頭,也並非不可能。但是,時間回頭,卻未必等於事情倒流。這是要分清楚的。
時間有兩種。一種是外在的,人為的計算。另一種,是事情本身的發展順序。時間是分為「外在時間」和「內在時間」兩種的。
一朵花開了,就是一朵花開了。如果我們嘗試測量,花仍是花。但如果你把你的數字拿走了,你讓數字自己獨立了,離開了,只是你自己的想像。就好像現在是二千零幾多年。你再加一千,兩千上去,也只是計算。至於兩千年之後,還有沒有這個地球存在,則是另外一回事。地球不是因為「日曆」而存在的。如果「日曆」回頭,地球是未必跟著一起回頭的。
時間不可以跟事情(現實)分割,因為,時間本來是內在於現實之中的。外在時間,是作不得準的。
我們時常希望知道, 「現實」是往何處去,又會回頭不會回頭?
時光倒流,現實未必倒流。花開了,未必會變回種子。花兒開過了,不會好像從未曾開過那樣。青春過去,不再回頭。回頭只是外在化的想像而已。
如果時間只不過是一種外在計算,那麼,我們就會被迫想到:
事情的內在發展,會是怎麼樣的?我走完了這一段路,下一段路又是怎樣的?
這問題是好的。因為,這問題會引人前瞻。往前看,是很快樂的。
真的希望,這一類問題,可以把我們的層次提升。
李察謹上
查詢電話 2559-4690
★(寶貴意見,大家分享。請寫到以下電郵地址:
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★(或請直接鍵入以下的 ‘comments’ 連結點:
(Or, click the ‘comments’ link below.)
(明天問題:
9/29/2011
Will “time” come back in the future?
Will “time” come back in the future?
…………………………………………Leechard
(Quest No.8246e 2011/09/28 Wednesday)
Dear Prosephine,
Thanks for your question.
Ever since I were a little boy, I have been thinking: What is time?
Time is but a human measurement of the “things”. That is the conclusion of a little boy. Though I didn't know what is the “things”, however, that will not affect the conclusion.
We will come to “notice” something. Like sunrise and sunset, like baby and old folk. How long does it take?
Can we take away the time from the things, and count it, and make a calender?
It seems simple.
You can always count the “time”.
One second, two seconds, three seconds, like that.
Now we have some professional people to do these things. May be they are lazy. They have invented some symbols when they found the counting is difficult. When you just count 1, 2, 3, 4,…. until one day, the numbers are so big, you find it confusing, and you say, that is it, and that is infinitive“∞”. And you will say, when time is so so so long, then time is going to a very very very long long future, like “∞”, when time has gone so far, and we can not imagine such a distance, then, we will ask: will time come back?
Now we have come from the human measurement to the human imagination. At first we tried to measure things with some numbers. Now we found the measures are so big, then we invented some more symbols like “∞”. Then we studied the “∞”, and decided time could come back from “∞” to 1, and to zero! (And zero is another human invention too. There arent any zero in the universe.)
What had gone wrong?
It was all because the separation. We human beings had decided to separate the “time” from the “things, and when the counting is so confused, then we tried to put back the “things” into the “time”.
Can we come back from death together with time when the time comes back? This is one of the interesting question arising from the separation.
And please take note that, I am not against resurrection. Things can change, or growth, or develop, what happens to the things are not in the external calculations, but in the things itself.
If we go back to the inner study of “time”, we will found, time can not be separated from the “things”.
A flower is blossoming, and that means, a flower is blossoming. If we try to measure it, the flower is still the flower. But you can take the “measure” away. You think, a measure is a measure, and the measure can stand away from the things. The measure could go further away from the things. From calculation, you will know now is two thousand years something, and there will be three or four or more thousand years ahead.
And this, is the separation.
All measurements are from outside.
It seems that, things are always changing. We can not help to think, is there a rate for the change? And what will come next? And some people had “hoped” that the flowers could one day go back as seeds, and old people can become young again. Though it can not be proved or denied, yet it is but our external imagination.
If time is but the external calculation of reality, then, we will be confronted with a more important question:
What is the internal development of things?
I do hope this question can bring us to a higher level of views.
with regards,
Leechard
Inquiry 852- 2559-4690
★Write to
Academy2008@hotmail.com
★Or, click the ‘comments’ links below.
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