The Song Dynasty was an absolutely sad dynasty. Liang Qichao said that every time he read the history of the Song Dynasty, he would be extremely sad.
Wang Anshi is a rare reformer through the ages. He wants to reform and strengthen everything to build a new China. But every reform he proposed met fierce opposition from the old party. The old party spread all over the country, and Wang Anshi's new policies also required local officials of the old party to implement them. They are all there everywhere in upper and lower places. How can the New Deal be successful if the old party members were totally in control?
What Wang Anshi changed was the law, but he didn't mention the heart. A reform requires a change of heart. Without the support of the people, relying on a mere decree is bound to fail.
But this heart is definitely not a momentary public opinion, or press opinion. It is a comprehensive reform of the ideological system, a complete change of the world outlook and outlook on life.
On the other hand, Wang Anshi did not follow the popular line. The masses have never been mobilized, and the trend of thought has not risen. How can bad habits be eliminated? His reliance on a small number of officials and bureaucrats was also the reason for his failure.
In today's situation, the old party has become a secret underground party. They secretly contacted the masses, took the mass line, and established a secret underground network. This underground party, from top to bottom, controlled the hearts of the people by invisible hands. And this hand was stretched out from far away America. The Americans once thought that Hong Kong could be dug out with just this hand. They absolutely don't know that it is impossible for this secret hand to overthrow the tide. The events in Hong Kong a few years ago made people aware of this sneaky hand. Once the problem is known, there will be solutions.
One is the ideological system, the other is the mass line, and both are indispensable.
Dao Lang's new song, The Gou Gou Camp in Yiqiu River, was originally mentioned by Wang Anshi. If you push it further, there are similar words in the Pangeng chapter of Shangshu. It's not a day's work. In addition, this is also a battle of name and reality. The theory of Wittgenstein in Europe is also close.
宋朝的新舊黨爭和今日有何不同？
宋朝是一個絕對悲哀的朝代。梁啟超說，他每次閱讀宋史，都會大慟。
王安石是一個千古難得的改革家，他要變法圖強，建立一個新的中國。但是他所提出的每一項改革，都遭受到舊黨的激烈反對。舊黨遍佈全國，王安石的新政，也都需要舊黨的地方官去推行。上上下下，全是一丘之貉。苟且因循，新政怎可能成功？
王安石變的是法，但並沒有提到心。變法必先變心，沒有民心的支持，只靠一紙政令，必定失敗。
但這個心也絕不是一時的民意，或者輿論之類。而是思想系統的全盤改革，是宇宙觀和人生觀的徹底變更。
另一方面，王安石也沒有走民眾路線。群眾從未有動員起來，思潮未起，惡習怎能去除？他依賴少數仕大夫官僚，也是失敗的原因。
今日形勢，舊黨已經變成祕密的地下黨。他們在暗中聯絡群眾，走群眾路線，建立了暗中的地下網絡，這個地下黨，從上至下，民心受制於無形之手。而這隻手，是從遙遠的美國伸過來的。美國人曾經以為，只靠這隻手便可以把香港挖出去。他們絕對不知道，這隻秘密的手，是不可能推倒大潮流的。香港在幾年前的事變，使人覺察了這隻偷偷摸摸的手。問題知道了，必定有辦法的。
一個是思想系統，一個是群眾路線，兩者缺一不可。
刀郎的新歌，一丘河的那個苟苟營，原來是王安石也曾經提到過的。如果再推上去，尚書盤庚篇中亦有類似文詞。苟且非一日的事了。另外，這也是一種名實之爭。歐洲的維特根斯坦，理論也接近的呢。
王安石 答司馬諫議書
某啟：
昨日蒙教，竊以為與君實游處相好之日久，而議事每不合，所操之術多異故也。雖欲強聒，終必不蒙見察，故略上報，不復一一自辨。重念蒙君實視遇厚，於反覆不宜鹵莽，故今具道所以，冀君實或見恕也。
蓋儒者所爭，尤在名實，名實已明，而天下之理得矣。今君實所以見教者，以為侵官、生事、征利、拒諫，以致天下怨謗也。某則以謂：受命於人主，議法度而修之於朝廷，以授之於有司，不為侵官；舉先王之政，以興利除士大夫多以不恤國事、同俗自媚於眾為善，上乃欲變此，而某不量敵之眾寡，欲出力助上以抗之，則眾何為而不洶洶然？盤庚之遷，胥怨者民也，非特朝廷士大夫而已。盤庚不為怨者故改其度，度義而後動，是而不見可悔故也。如君實責我以在位久，未能助上大有為，以膏澤斯民，則某知罪矣；如曰今日當一切不事事，守前所為而已，則非某之所敢知。
無由會晤，不任區區嚮往之至。
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